Table 2. Risk of adult fractures according to pubertal timing in men.
| Outcome and age at PHV tertile | Base model | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| All fractures | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Tertile 2 | 1.05 (0.98–1.11) | 0.168 | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 0.337 | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) | 0.367 |
| Tertile 3 | 1.15 (1.08–1.22) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.08–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.08–1.23) | <0.001 |
| Non-vertebral fractures | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Tertile 2 | 1.05 (0.98–1.11) | 0.182 | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) | 0.378 | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) | 0.407 |
| Tertile 3 | 1.16 (1.09–1.24) | <0.001 | 1.16 (1.09–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.09–1.25) | <0.001 |
Cox proportional hazards regression models for adult fracture risk according to tertiles of age at PHV in 31,971 men followed for a mean of 37.3 years for both all fractures and non-vertebral fractures after 20 years of age. The base model is adjusted for birth year and country of origin (all fractures, n = 5,872; non-vertebral fractures, n = 5,731). Model 1 is further adjusted for birthweight, childhood BMI at 8 years of age, and adult educational level. Model 2 includes the covariates of model 1 as well as young adult height. Model 1 and model 2: n = 29,447; all fractures, n = 5,500; non-vertebral fractures, n = 5,368. Limits for age at PHV: tertile 1, ≤13.6 years of age; tertile 2, >13.6 and ≤14.5 years of age; tertile 3, >14.5 years of age.
PHV, peak height velocity.