Table 4.

Group differences in well-being scores

Well-being	Passive arts engagement†					Active arts engagement‡
	Passive (mean±SD)	Control (mean±SD)	T(728)	P value	Effect size(d)	Active (mean±SD)	Control (mean±SD)	T(442)	P value	Effect size(d)
											Quality of Life (WHOQOL-8)	31.5±4.15	30.5±4.2	3.35	0.0008*	0.25	33.0±4.16	31.5±4.14	3.68	0.0003*	0.36
Short Form Health Survey (SF-20)
SF20–Health Perception	69.6±19.9	66.3±21.1	2.21	0.028*	0.16	75.5±18.2	70.7±19.3	2.59	0.0099*	0.25
SF20–Role Functioning	85.4±31.2	86.4±31.7	0.44	0.659	0.03	92.8±24.2	91.1±26.1	0.66	0.512	0.06
SF20–Pain Domain	18.1±20.9	17.8±20.7	0.18	0.859	0.01	16.7±20.6	17.9±19.6	0.62	0.538	0.06
SF20–Social Functioning	90.9±19.6	88.9±24.5	1.20	0.230	0.09	95.6±14.7	92.8±18.7	1.68	0.094	0.17
SF20–Physical Function	84.9±22.2	84.4±25.2	0.27	0.785	0.02	89.2±18.6	88.5±20.9	0.37	0.715	0.04
SF20–Mental Health	81.2±14.8	80.5±15.4	0.63	0.532	0.05	86.0±13.1	83.6±14.0	1.84	0.067	0.18
Interpersonal Support (ISEL-S)	37.4±6.3	36.8±6.4	1.14	0.253	0.08	39.4±6.9	38.7±6.4	1.10	0.273	0.11
Appraisal Subscale	12.4±2.3	12.4±2.4	0.32	0.751	0.02	13.1±2.6	12.9±2.4	0.70	0.483	0.07
Belonging Subscale	12.2±2.5	11.8±2.6	2.17	0.030*	0.16	12.9±2.6	12.6±2.4	1.16	0.246	0.11
Tangible Subscale	12.7±2.2	12.6±2.3	0.44	0.658	0.03	13.4±2.5	13.1±2.2	1.12	0.262	0.11
Spiritual Well-being (FACIT-Sp-12)	33.5±8.0	33.1±8.1	0.68	0.496	0.05	37.5±7.2	34.7±7.7	3.75	0.0002*	0.37
Meaning Subscale	12.2±2.8	12.1±3.0	0.12	0.908	0.01	13.9±2.3	12.6±2.8	5.03	<0.0001*	0.50
Peace Subscale	12.1±2.7	11.9±3.0	0.81	0.419	0.06	13.5±2.6	12.5±2.7	3.72	0.0002*	0.36
Faith Subscale	9.3±3.9	9.0±3.9	0.73	0.464	0.05	10.1±4.0	9.6±3.8	1.25	0.211	0.12

*P<0.05.

†n= 730.

‡n=444.