Table 2.

Descriptive statistics of burnout and defensive medical practice stratified by demographic variables

	Burnout* (%)	Avoidance† (%)	Hedging‡ (%)	Any DMP§ (%)
Age (years)
<35 (n=948)	440 (46%)	37 (4%)	93 (10%)	115 (12%)
35–49 (n=1209)	395 (33%)	68 (6%)	114 (9%)	151 (12%)
≥50 (n=916)	281 (31%)	91 (10%)	82 (9%)	134 (15%)
Gender
Female (n=2069)	763 (37%)	105 (5%)	179 (9%)	239 (12%)
Male (n=963)	332 (34%)	87 (9%)	102 (11%)	152 (16%)
Ethnicity
White (n=1767)	723 (41%)	114 (6%)	159 (9%)	227 (13%)
Asian (n=832)	229 (28%)	49 (6%)	79 (9%)	105 (13%)
Black (n=201)	57 (28%)	10 (5%)	17 (8%)	21 (10%)
Mixed (n=172)	59 (34%)	14 (8%)	23 (13%)	31 (18%)
Other (n=82)	39 (48%)	3 (4%)	7 (9%)	8 (10%)
Children
No (n=1023)	473 (46%)	48 (5%)	96 (9%)	126 (12%)
Yes (n=2050)	643 (31%)	148 (7%)	193 (9%)	274 (13%)
R elationship
No (n=601)	266 (44%)	32 (5%)	51 (8%)	74 (12%)
Yes (n=2464)	844 (34%)	161 (7%)	237 (10%)	323 (13%)
Country of q ualification
UK/Ireland (n=1996)	841 (42%)	125 (6%)	193 (10%)	265 (13%)
Other (n=1075)	273 (25%)	71 (7%)	96 (9%)	135 (13%)
Work status
Full time (n=2551)	952 (37%)	161 (6%)	248 (10%)	341 (13%)
Less than full time (n=519)	163 (31%)	35 (7%)	41 (8%)	59 (11%)
Subspecialty (consultants)
None (n=1278)	404 (32%)	116 (9 %)	151 (12%)	213 (17%)
Maternal/fetal (n=56)	20 (36%)	3 (5%)	7 (12.5%)	8 (14%)
Sexual/reproductive health (n=34)	10 (29%)	0 (0%)	1 (3%)	1 (3%)
Gynaecological oncology (n=33)	8 (24%)	0 (0%)	1 (3%)	1 (3%)
Reproductive medicine (n=33)	9 (27%)	2 (6%)	0	2 (6%)
Urogynaecology (n=28)	9 (32%)	4 (14%)	4 (14 %)	6 (21%)

*Positive for burnout if emotional exhaustion score ≥27 (range 0–54) and/or depersonalisation score ≥10 (range 0–30) in accordance with the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

†Defined as avoidance score of ≥13 (range 0–36).

‡Defined as hedging score of ≥5 (range 0–12).

§Defined as presence of avoidance and/or hedging (as defined).

DMP, Defensive Medical Practice.