TABLE 1.

Frailty Phenotype—operationalized definition

Frailty Characteristic	COMPASS-ND Study Operational Definitions
Shrinking	“Has the participant experienced any unintentional weight loss (≥ 10 lbs. or 5% of body weight) in the past year?” If yes, then point for weight loss criterion given.
Weakness	Grip strength assessed over three trials. Average of trials compared to cut-off points (stratified by gender and body mass index quartiles) determined by Fried et al.(12) If failure to meet cut-off, point for weakness criterion given.
Exhaustion	Participants asked: 1) How often during the last week did you feel that “everything you did was an effort”? and 2) How often during the last week did you feel that “you could not get going?” If participants answer “a moderate amount of the time (3–4 days)” or “most of the time”, then point for exhaustion criteria given.
Slowness	Walking speed assessed over three timed 6m walking trials. If average walking speed is assessed at less than 1 m/s, point for slowness criteria given.
Low	Activity Point given if men score less than 64 and if women score less than 52 on the adapted Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly.
Scoring	0 points	Robust
	1–2 points	Pre-frail
	3+ points	Frail