| PKM2 | pyruvate kinase M2 |
| RCC | renal cell carcinoma; LDHA |
| LDHA | lactate dehydrogenase A |
| Glut-1 | pyruvate kinase M2 |
| siRNA | small-interfering RNA |
| AKT | protein kinase B |
| mTOR | mechanistic target of rapamycin 1 |
| ccRCC | clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
| TK | tyrosine kinase |
| ERK 1/2 | extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 |
| TMA | tissue microarray |
| HPLC | high-performance liquid chromatography |
| OCR | oxygen consumption rate |
| MMP | matrix metalloproteinase |
| PER | proton efflux rate |
| glycoPER | glycolytic proton efflux rate |
| HIF-1 | hypoxia-inducible factor-1 |
| LC3B | light chain 3B |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| GSK3β | glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |