Table 1.
Sample Characteristics (N = 1372) *.
| Child mean age (months) ǂ | 19.7 (13.7) |
| Mother mean age (years) ǂ | 27.4 (5.8) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |
| Latinx | 772 (56.3) |
| Black non-Latinx | 447 (33.2) |
| White non-Latinx | 106 (7.9) |
| Other | 47 (3.4) |
| Mother’s region of birth | |
| United States and Puerto Rico | 1176 (85.8) |
| Caribbean (Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Jamaica) | 97 (7.1) |
| Mexico and Central America | 54 (3.9) |
| Other | 44 (3.2) |
| Marital Status | |
| Married or partnered | 245 (17.9) |
| Not married or partnered | 1123 (82.1) |
| Education | |
| Some high school or less | 268 (19.5) |
| High school graduate | 624 (45.5) |
| Technical school/college/masters | 480 (35.0) |
| Currently employed | 1138 (82.9) |
| Currently receive SNAP | 1050 (76.6) |
| Currently receive WIC | 975 (71.1) |
| Currently receive TANF | 288 (21.1) |
| Currently receive housing subsidy | 105 (8.8) |
| Health insurance | |
| Public insurance | 1128 (82.2) |
| No insurance | 117 (8.5) |
| Private insurance | 123 (9.0) |
| Household food security | |
| Food secure | 1134 (82.7) |
| Food insecure | 238 (17.4) |
| Self-rated physical health | |
| Excellent or good | 1075 (78.5) |
| Fair or poor | 294 (21.5) |
| Experience depressive symptoms | 237 (17.3) |
| Adverse Childhood Experience Score | |
| No ACEs | 718 (52.3) |
| 1–3 ACEs | 489 (35.6) |
| ≥4 ACEs | 165 (12.0) |
Abbreviations: SNAP, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; WIC, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Women; TANF, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families; ACEs, Adverse Childhood Experiences. * Except where noted, values are frequencies with percentages in parentheses. Results may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ǂ Values are means with standard deviations in parentheses.