Table 5.

Changes in HRV variables after FTPs (ANCOVA results). The details are identical to those in Table 3. HF, high frequency; LF, low frequency; TP, total power; HR, heart rate.

HRV	Control			Breathing Program			Walking Program			BP–CN		WP–CN
Variable	${\overline{X}}_B$	$\overline{\mathsf{\delta }}$ (95% CI)	$\mathsf{\gamma }$	${\overline{X}}_B$	$\overline{\mathsf{\delta }}$ (95% CI)	$\mathsf{\gamma }$	${\overline{X}}_B$	$\overline{\mathsf{\delta }}$ (95% CI)	$\mathsf{\gamma }$	$\overline{\Delta }$ (95% CI)	$\Gamma$	$\overline{\Delta }$ (95% CI)	$\Gamma$
HF [msec2]	3.88	−0.13 (−0.69, 0.44)	0.13	4.27	−0.46 (−0.98, 0.05)	0.46	4.61	0.41 (−0.09, 0.92)	0.35	−0.34 (−1.22, 0.55)	0.28	0.54 (−0.31, 1.39)	0.48
LF [msec2]	3.50	0.00 (−0.55, 0.56)	0.00	4.03	−0.16 (−0.68, 0.35)	0.16	3.99	0.28 (−0.22, 0.78)	0.24	−0.17 (−1.05, 0.72)	0.14	0.27 (−0.56, 1.11)	0.25
%LF	46.89	−1.38 (−6.31, 3.55)	0.16	48.25	1.48 (−3.19, 6.14)	0.16	46.50	−1.38 (−5.90, 3.14)	0.13	2.86 (−5.00, 10.71)	0.26	0.00 (−7.40, 7.40)	0.00
TP [msec2]	5.47	−0.04 (−0.53, 0.46)	0.04	5.88	0.05 (−0.40, 0.50)	0.06	6.14	0.17 (−0.27, 0.62)	0.17	0.09 (−0.69, 0.86)	0.08	0.21 (−0.54, 0.96)	0.21
HR [bpm]	68.93	2.87 (−1.58, 7.33)	0.38	67.64	5.97 ** (1.82, 10.11)	0.73	64.17	3.02 (−1.04, 7.09)	0.32	3.09 (−3.85, 10.04)	0.32	0.15 (−6.61, 6.91)	0.02