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. 2019 Aug 13;21(12):1776–1784. doi: 10.1093/europace/euz220

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© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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AF and VHD subtypes and adjusted risk of incident stroke, systemic embolism, and all-cause mortality. Reference category: patients with AF and no record of valvular heart disease. Hazard ratios adjusted for age, sex, warfarin, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, transient ischaemic attack or systemic embolism, and vascular disease. AF, atrial fibrillation; aHR (95% CI), adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval); VHD, valvular heart disease; nos, not otherwise specified.