| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| EPS | Extracellular polymeric substances |
| FDA | Food and drug administration |
| hMSCs | Human mesenchymal stem cells |
| ISO | International organization for standardization |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharides |
| RPS | Released polysaccharides |
| UDP | Uridine diphosphate |
| UTP | Uridine triphosphate |