Table 1.
Demographic, lifestyle habits, and clinical characteristics of the study groups. Healthy subjects (HS), patients suffering from subjective memory concerns (SMC) and/or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and those with already installed dementia (DEM).
| HS | SMC | MCI | DEM | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 10 | n = 14 | n = 16 | n = 39 | ||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 74.0 ± 9.6 | 73.3 ± 7.2 | 78.4 ± 7.8 | 81.7 ± 9.0 | |
| Gender (n; %) | Male | 2; 20% | 2; 14% | 6; 37% | 3; 8% |
| Female | 8; 80% | 12; 86% | 10; 63% | 36; 92% | |
| Level of Education (mean ± SD) | 7.40 ± 5.10 ** | 4.43 ± 2.34 ** | 2.88 ± 1.54 | 1.91 ± 3.36 ** | |
| Time of residence (mean ± SD) | 53.20 ± 17.76 * | 58.36 ± 27.80 | 58.69 ± 26.64 | 70.82 ± 26.08 * | |
| Profession | Housewife | 2; 20% | 2; 14% | 4; 25% | 8; 21% |
| Agriculture/Fishery | 2; 20% | 3; 21 % | 4; 25% | 16; 41% | |
| Industry/Construction | - | 5; 36% | 4; 25% | 5; 13% | |
| Commerce/Services | 6; 60% | 4; 29 % | 4; 25% | 10; 26% | |
| Medical History (n, %) | |||||
| Diabetes | - | - | 2; 13% | 6; 15% | |
| Dyslipidemia | 1; 10% | 3; 21% | - | 1; 3% | |
| Cardiovascular | 3; 30% | 5; 36% | 8; 50% | 9; 25% | |
| Respiratory | 3; 30% | 1; 7% | 1; 6% | 2; 5% | |
| Other | 2; 20% | 3; 21% | 2; 13% | 5; 13% | |
| Lifestyle factors (n; %) | |||||
| Supplements | - | 5; 36% | 3; 19% | 7; 18% | |
| Homegrown food | 7; 70% | 11; 79% | 13; 81% | 26; 67% | |
| Drinking Water | Bottled | 6; 60% | 11; 79% | 12; 75% | 22; 56% |
| Bottled & tap water | 2; 20% | 1; 7% | - | 1; 3% | |
| Tap water | 2; 20% | 1; 7% | 4; 25% | 11; 28% | |
| Well or borehole | - | 1; 7% | - | - |
* (p < 0.05); ** (p < 0.01); age, level of education and time of residence are expressed in years; SD: standard deviation.