Fig. 3.

Affective attitudes toward caregivers and relatives during noninvasive ventilation, according to the evaluative assertion analysis coding (see “Methods” for details). The maximum score of 3 denotes “extremely positive” attitude. The minimum score of − 3 denotes “extremely negative” attitude. The boxes represent the interquartile range (IQR) with indication of the median, while the vertical bars 1.5 * IQR. There was a statistically significant difference between affective attitudes toward relatives and affective attitudes toward caregivers (Z = − 2.24, p = 0.025, with a large effect size (r = 0.501)