Table 1–
Characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | Group 1: n=177 | Group 2: n=284 |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 35.8 (10.1) | 30.0 (7.5) |
| Sex, n | 111 M, 66 F | 163 M, 122 F |
| Race/ethnicity, n | 109 NA, 36 W, 7 B, 25 O/H | 284 NA |
| Body weight (kg), mean (SD) | 90.3 (22.2) | 95.5 (24.3) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 31.5 (7.5) | 34.2 (8.4) |
| Body fat (%), mean (SD) | 31.0 (8.7) | 33.2 (7.6) |
| Fat mass (kg), mean (SD) | 28.8 (12.6) | 32.3(13.8) |
| Fat-free mass (kg), mean (SD) | 61.5 (13.4) | 62.8 (13.3) |
| Glucose, fasting (mg/dl), mean (SD) | 92.5 (8.8) | 87.9 (8.9) |
| Glucose, 2-hour (mg/dl), mean (SD) | 131.4 (35.3) | 123.4 (32.8) |
| 24-h EE (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 2229.1 (417.4) | 2373.9 (402.6) |
| 24-h RQ, mean (SD) | 0.85 (0.03) | 0.85 (0.03) |
| 24-h Non-protein RQ, mean (SD) | 0.87 (0.05) | 0.86 (0.03) |
| 24-h Protein oxidation (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 344.1 (115.9) | 312.7 (92.6) |
| 24-h Carbox (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 1047.7 (298.3) | 1061.4 (253.2) |
| 24-h Lipox (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 875.2 (397.8) | 964.6 (322.3) |
| 24-h Energy balance (kcal/d), mean (SD) | −65.7 (325.6) | −122.0 (245.3) |
| 24-h Protein balance (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 101 (124) | 138 (94) |
| 24-h Carb balance (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 64 (260) | 59 (220) |
| 24-h Lipid balance (kcal/d), mean (SD) | −207 (385) | −286 (296) |
| SPA (%), median (IQR) | 7.5 (5.9, 9.2) | 7.1 (4.9, 7.8) |
| Ad libitum food intake (kcal/d), mean (SD) | 3966.6 (1266.6) | - |
| Soda intake (kcal/d), median (IQR) | 336 (144, 528) | - |
| 24-h urine volume (l), mean (SD) | 3.100 (1.352) | 2.627 (1.132) |
| 24-h UUN (mg/dl), median (IQR) | 402 (322, 561) | 493 (356, 589) |
| Copeptin (ng/ml), median (IQR) a | 0.64 (0.44, 0.86) | - |
| Copeptin storage (years), median (IQR)a | 6.4 (3.8, 14.2) | - |
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; EE, energy expenditure; RQ, respiratory quotient; carbox, carbohydrate oxidation; lipox, lipid oxidation; SPA, spontaneous physical activity; UUN, urine urea nitrogen; NA, Native American; W, white; B, black; O/H, other/Hispanic;
a
n = 117