| KS | Klinefelter Syndrome |
| GCs | Germ Cells |
| SSCs | Spermatogonial Stem Cells |
| LCs | Leydig Cells |
| TESE | Testicular Sperm Extraction |
| STs | Seminiferous Tubules |
| SCs | Sertoli Cells |
| AMH | Anti-Müllerian Hormone |
| AR | Androgen Receptors |
| BTB | Blood–Testis Barrier |
| CLD11 | Claudin-11 |
| CNX43 | Connexin-43 |
| ZO1 | Zonula Occludens-1 |
| INSL3 | Insulin-Like Peptide 3 |
| LH | Luteinizing Hormone |
| StAR | Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein |
| SCO | Sertoli Cell Only |
| NSP | Normal Spermatogenesis |
| GDNF | Glial Cell Line Derived Neurotrophic Factor |
Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.