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. 2019 Nov 8;20(22):5586. doi: 10.3390/ijms20225586

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Proposed model of drought-stress tolerance in maize germinating seeds, based on our key findings of this study. Up- or down-regulation of proteins in both wild-type Vp16 and its mutant vp16 are marked by upward and downward pointing arrows, respectively. Key to abbreviations: ABA, abscisic acid; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; GADPH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; MDH, malate dehydrogenase; SDH, succinate dehydrogenase; LEA, late embryogenesis abundant proteins; 40S RPs, 40S ribosomal proteins; 60S RPs, 60S ribosomal proteins; PPIase, peptidylprolyl isomerase; PPR, pentatricopeptide repeat protein; USP, universal stress protein.