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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 3.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Thorac Surg. 2017 Oct 26;104(6):1881–1888. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.06.065

Table 2.

Unadjusted and Adjusted Risk of Death for Stage I NSCLC (N = 65,957)

Variable No. Unadjusted Risk HR
(95% CI)
Adjusted Riska
HR (95% CI)
Adjusted With Interactionb
HR (95% CI)
Yearly increment 0.962 (0.958–0.965) 0.965 (0.962–0.969) NA
Age at diagnosisc 1.043 (1.042–1.044) 1.028 (1.027–1.029) 1.028 (1.027–1.029)
Sex
 Female (reference) 32,833 1.000 1.000 1.000
 Male 33,124 1.334 (1.307–1.361) 1.378 (1.348–1.407) 1.378 (1.348–1.407)
Race
 White (reference) 56,240 1.000 1.000 1.000
 Black 6,108 1.168 (1.129–1.208) 1.045 (1.010–1.082) 1.043 (1.008–1.080)
 Other 3,609 0.794 (0.757–0.834) 0.799 (0.761–0.839) 0.800 (0.762–0.840)
Marital status
 Married (reference) 35,550 1.000 1.000 1.000
 Not married 30,407 1.326 (1.300–1.353) 1.181 (1.156–1.207) 1.182 (1.157–1.208)
Histologic finding
 Adeno (reference) 25,674 1.000 1.000 1.000
 Squamous 18,589 1.581 (1.542–1.622) 1.279 (1.247–1.312) 1.278 (1.246–1.312)
 Large cell 2,490 1.510 (1.434–1.590) 1.303 (1.237–1.373) 1.299 (1.233–1.369)
 Others 19,204 1.509 (1.472–1.548) 1.052 (1.026–1.080) 1.049 (1.022–1.077)
Treatment
 No surgery or radiation (reference) 11,537 1.000 1.000 NA
 Surgery only 42,242 0.195 (0.190–0.200) 0.230 (0.224–0.236) NA
 Radiation only 10,048 0.690 (0.670–0.711) 0.680 (0.660–0.700) NA
 Surgery and radiation 2,130 0.364 (0.344–0.385) 0.429 (0.406–0.455) NA
Yearly increment by treatment group
 No surgery or radiation NA NA 0.992 (0.986–0.998)
 Surgery only NA NA 0.959 (0.954–0.964)
 Radiation only NA NA 0.942 (0.935–0.949)
 Surgery and radiation NA NA 0.980 (0.962–0.997)
a

Refers to estimated HRs generated in multiple variable model that included year, age, sex, race, marital status, histologic finding, and treatment.

b

Refers to the aforementioned adjustments in addition to an adjustment for the interaction between year and treatment, which yields an annualized overall survival with the prior year as the reference.

c

Median 70 years, range: 40 to 105 years.

Adeno = adenocarcinoma; CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; NA = not applicable; NSCLC = non-small cell lung cancer.