Table 1.

BSC models of Aβ physiology and pathophysiology

Human Pathology	Slice Culture Pathology	Reference(s)
Increased levels of Aβ production	BSCs from 3xTg-AD mice produce increased amounts of Aβ42 after 4 weeks in culture. BSCs from CRND8 mice also show elevated levels of Aβ42 from 2 weeks in culture. APP overexpression in non-transgenic rat cultures shows increased Aβ production by 3 days in culture.	[13, 38, 44]
Thioflavin S positive plaques	BSCs treated with APP23 or APPPS1 brain and supplemented with Aβ1–40 show Thioflavin S positive plaques. BSCs from adult APPSwDI show preserved Thioflavin S plaques in culture.	[20, 45]
Dystrophic neurites	BSCs treated with APP23 or APPPS1 brain and supplemented with Aβ1–40 develop dystrophic neurites.	[45]
Gliosis	BSCs from adult APPSwDI show preserved gliosis in culture.	[20]
Synapse loss	CRND8 BSCs develop synapse loss by 6 weeks in culture.	[38]