Fig. 7.

Scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) reverses curcumin analog A2-induced cell death and autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were preincubated with NAC (10 mM) for 1 h, then they were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or curcumin analog A2 (20 μM) for 24 h. a Cell viability was detected using MTT assay. (n = 3; **P < 0.01 vs. Control; ^#P < 0.05 vs. A2). b Western blot analysis of the cleavage of PARP1. c Bar graph shows the relative lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. (n = 3; *P < 0.05 vs. Control; ^#P < 0.05 vs. A2). d Flow cytometric analysis of ANXA5-FITC/PI staining. e Western blot analysis of LC3B-II levels. f Fluorescence photographs of HUVECs transfected with RFP-GFP-LC3B plasmid. Scale bar: 10 μm