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. 2019 Dec 2;9:18111. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54308-6

Figure 2.

Figure 2

PNGR altered intestinal maturation in pups at weaning. (a) Representative haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of ileum sections from control (CTRL) and postnatal growth restriction (PNGR) pups. (b) Crypt depth and (c) villus height in ileum at postnatal day 21 (PN21) in CTRL (n = 12 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 11 from 4 litters) groups. (d) Representative HE staining of colonic sections from CTRL and PNGR pups. (e) Crypt depth, (f) mucosa thickness, and (g) number of goblet cells in colon at PN21 in CTRL (n = 12 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 11 from 4 litters) groups. Representative staining of (h) sialylated glycans by MAA lectin and (i) fucosylated glycans by UEA1 lectin in ileum and colon at PN21 in CTRL (n = 11 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 10 from 4 litters) groups. (j) Representative immunostaining of occludin in ileum and colon at PN21 in CTRL (n = 9–11 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 8–9 from 4 litters) groups. (k) Representative immunostaining of claudin7 in ileum and colon at PN21 in CTRL (n = 9 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 11 from 4 litters) groups. (l) In vivo intestinal paracellular permeability to 4 kDa FITC-dextran at PN21 in CTRL (n = 12 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 8 from 4 litters) groups. (m–r) Cytokines expression in colon at PN21 in CTRL (n = 9–14 from 4 litters) and PNGR (n = 9–11 from 4 litters) groups. Results are representative of 2–3 independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.