Table 1.
Phylum | Genus | CTRL PN21 vs. PNGR PN21 | CTRL PN60 vs. PNGR PN60 | CTRL PN21 vs. CTRL PN60 | PNGR PN21 vs. PNGR PN60 | Description | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
median PNGR | median CTRL | p | q | median PNGR | median CTRL | p | q | p | q | p | q | |||
Actinobacteria | Atopobium | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.50 | 0.26 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.44 | 0.17 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Actinobacteria | Coriobacteriaceae [Uncultured] | 6.18E-05 | 1.69E-05 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.00022 | 0.00035 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 9.44E-06 | 7.82E-05 | 1.20E-05 | 2.95E-05 | Increase during time developmentc |
Actinobacteria | Enterorhabdus | 0.00068 | 0.00125 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.00501 | 0.00394 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 2.40E-05 | 0.00015 | 8.82E-10 | 1.41E-08 | Increase during time developmentc |
Bacteroidetes | Bacteroidales S24-7 group [Other] | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.32 | 0.21 | 3.35E-05 | 2.59E-05 | 0.92 | 0.70 | 0.019 | 0.031 | 0.023 | 0.016 | Increase during time developmentc |
Bacteroidetes | Alistipes | 0.04430 | 0.03529 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.06374 | 0.04161 | 0.009 | 0.080 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.035 | 0.022 | Increase during time developmentb |
Bacteroidetes | Bacteroidales S24-7 group [Uncultured] | 0.20150 | 0.25006 | 0.045 | 0.065 | 0.37349 | 0.39818 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 1.54E-09 | 8.94E-08 | 2.24E-07 | 1.80E-06 | Increase during time developmentc |
Bacteroidetes | Bacteroides | 0.18501 | 0.08674 | 0.0005 | 0.003 | 0.03746 | 0.03175 | 0.25 | 0.40 | 1.12E-07 | 2.16E-06 | 3.09E-09 | 3.30E-08 | Decrease during time developmentc; Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Bacteroidetes | Odoribacter | 0.01048 | 0.03219 | 0.011 | 0.024 | 0.02065 | 0.01583 | 0.013 | 0.079 | 0.059 | 0.075 | 0.038 | 0.023 | Opposite time development |
Bacteroidetes | Parabacteroides | 0.00039 | 0.0 | 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.0 | 2.03E-05 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.006 | 0.005 | Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Bacteroidetes | Porphyromonadaceae [Uncultured] | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.63 | 0.30 | 4.04E-05 | 9.19E-05 | 0.052 | 0.15 | 6.30E-06 | 6.09E-05 | 4.73E-06 | 1.38E-05 | Increase during time developmentc |
Bacteroidetes | Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group | 0.04054 | 0.00748 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.01054 | 0.00479 | 0.027 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.038 | 0.023 | Decrease during time developmentb |
Bacteroidetes | Bacteroidales [Other] | 0.00010 | 0.00013 | 0.014 | 0.028 | 0.00073 | 0.00064 | 0.52 | 0.54 | 2.14E-08 | 6.20E-07 | 7.99E-07 | 5.12E-06 | Increase during time developmentc; Repressed at PN21 in PNGR |
Unclassified | Bacteria [Other] | 1.22E-05 | 9.05E-05 | 0.035 | 0.055 | 0.00033 | 0.00042 | 0.21 | 0.36 | 0.0002 | 0.0007 | 6.53E-05 | 0.0001 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Clostridiales vadinBB60 group [Other] | 4.89E-05 | 0.0 | 0.35 | 0.21 | 0.00150 | 0.00034 | 0.048 | 0.15 | 0.012 | 0.022 | 0.001 | 0.002 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae [Other] | 0.00054 | 0.00356 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.00253 | 0.00297 | 0.32 | 0.44 | 0.63 | 0.43 | 4.01E-06 | 1.29E-05 | Repressed at PN21 in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Anaerotruncus | 0.00483 | 0.00678 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.00209 | 0.00388 | 0.004 | 0.075 | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.002 | Decrease during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Bacillus | 0.0 | 1.74E-05 | 0.004 | 0.011 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.016 | 0.028 | 0.57 | 0.20 | Premature low level in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Candidatus Arthromitus | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.00108 | 1.59E-05 | 0.098 | 0.22 | 0.65 | 0.43 | 0.007 | 0.006 | Increase during time development in PNGR only |
Firmicutes | Clostridiales vadinBB60 group [Uncultured] | 0.00082 | 0.00110 | 0.66 | 0.31 | 0.00324 | 0.00368 | 0.96 | 0.71 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.004 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Coprococcus 1 | 0.00198 | 0.00206 | 0.81 | 0.35 | 0.00080 | 0.00092 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.0007 | 0.003 | 0.013 | 0.011 | Decrease during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Enterococcus | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.022 | 0.039 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.98 | 0.58 | 0.005 | 0.005 | Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Erysipelatoclostridium | 0.00070 | 1.29E-05 | 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.00014 | 0.00025 | 0.043 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.002 | 0.002 | Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Erysipelotrichaceae [Uncultured] | 6.18E-05 | 0.00016 | 0.40 | 0.23 | 0.00075 | 0.00145 | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.006 | 0.012 | 0.025 | 0.016 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group | 0.00836 | 0.00127 | 0.0004 | 0.003 | 0.0 | 0.00010 | 0.002 | 0.057 | 0.69 | 0.45 | 2.10E-06 | 9.61E-06 | Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Eubacterium oxidoreducens group | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.33 | 0.21 | 2.69E-05 | 1.64E-05 | 0.37 | 0.44 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.0004 | 0.0006 | Increase during time developmentb |
Firmicutes | Intestinimonas | 0.00065 | 0.00012 | 0.023 | 0.039 | 0.00087 | 0.00100 | 0.52 | 0.54 | 0.032 | 0.049 | 0.68 | 0.23 | Premature high level in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Lachnoclostridium | 0.00784 | 0.01151 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.00593 | 0.00545 | 0.61 | 0.56 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.13 | 0.064 | Decrease during time developmenta |
Firmicutes | Lachnoclostridium 5 | 2.45E-05 | 0.0 | 0.0006 | 0.003 | 0.0 | 8.49E-06 | 0.78 | 0.66 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.26 | 0.11 | Premature high level in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group | 0.00018 | 0.00103 | 9.02E-06 | 0.0004 | 0.00075 | 0.00042 | 0.017 | 0.087 | 0.0006 | 0.002 | 5.27E-05 | 0.0001 | Opposite time development |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group | 0.0 | 0.00021 | 6.50E-05 | 0.0009 | 5.56E-05 | 5.11E-05 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.037 | 0.052 | 6.50E-05 | 0.0001 | Opposite time development |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae UCG-001 | 1.03E-05 | 0.00010 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.01930 | 0.01275 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 3.95E-06 | 5.05E-05 | 1.89E-05 | 4.05E-05 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae UCG-004 | 0.0 | 0.00029 | 0.060 | 0.074 | 0.00054 | 0.00051 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.024 | 0.037 | 0.002 | 0.002 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae UCG-005 | 0.0 | 4.88E-05 | 0.095 | 0.10 | 0.00034 | 0.00021 | 0.68 | 0.62 | 0.005 | 0.012 | 0.003 | 0.003 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae UCG-006 | 0.00139 | 0.00067 | 0.55 | 0.28 | 0.00247 | 0.00203 | 0.37 | 0.44 | 0.013 | 0.023 | 0.004 | 0.004 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae UCG-010 | 0.0 | 8.40E-05 | 0.004 | 0.011 | 2.12E-05 | 3.22E-05 | 0.79 | 0.66 | 0.035 | 0.050 | 0.063 | 0.034 | Premature low level in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae Incertae Sedis | 0.00032 | 0.00247 | 0.044 | 0.065 | 0.00163 | 0.00143 | 0.70 | 0.63 | 0.39 | 0.31 | 0.013 | 0.011 | Opposite time development |
Firmicutes | Lachnospiraceae [Uncultured] | 0.03506 | 0.070182 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.04509 | 0.05166 | 0.37 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.096 | Premature low level in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Marvinbryantia | 0.00129 | 0.00198 | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.006 | 0.00433 | 0.32 | 0.44 | 0.069 | 0.081 | 9.53E-05 | 0.0002 | Increase during time developmentb |
Firmicutes | Roseburia | 0.00528 | 0.01254 | 0.062 | 0.074 | 0.00972 | 0.00987 | 0.91 | 0.70 | 0.48 | 0.35 | 0.041 | 0.024 | Opposite time development |
Firmicutes | Ruminiclostridium 5 | 0.00083 | 0.00190 | 0.005 | 0.013 | 0.00282 | 0.00364 | 0.31 | 0.44 | 0.051 | 0.068 | 3.18E-06 | 1.13E-05 | Increase during time developmentb; Repressed at PN21 in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group | 8.26E-05 | 1.83E-05 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 8.46E-05 | 0.000523 | 0.0006 | 0.042 | 1.22E-05 | 8.84E-05 | 0.99 | 0.31 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.95 | 0.40 | 0.0 | 0.00045 | 0.013 | 0.079 | 4.35E-06 | 5.05E-05 | 0.26 | 0.11 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.0 | 0.00028 | 0.017 | 0.087 | 6.60E-05 | 0.0003 | 0.90 | 0.29 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Ruminococcaceae UCG-013 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.35 | 0.21 | 0.0 | 0.00052 | 0.025 | 0.11 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.66 | 0.22 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 | 0.00407 | 1.54E-05 | 0.005 | 0.012 | 0.00220 | 0.00453 | 0.040 | 0.15 | 0.011 | 0.021 | 0.18 | 0.084 | Opposite time development |
Firmicutes | Ruminococcus gauvreauii group | 0.0 | 2.83E-05 | 0.004 | 0.011 | 1.59E-05 | 0.0 | 0.082 | 0.21 | 0.006 | 0.012 | 0.049 | 0.028 | Opposite time development |
Firmicutes | Staphylococcus | 0.00040 | 2.63E-05 | 0.0002 | 0.002 | 1.22E-05 | 1.85E-05 | 0.28 | 0.43 | 0.84 | 0.53 | 1.89E-05 | 4.05E-05 | Premature high level in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Streptococcus | 0.00150 | 0.00028 | 1.80E-05 | 0.0004 | 0.00012 | 0.00012 | 1.0 | 0.72 | 5.81E-05 | 0.0003 | 4.41E-10 | 1.41E-08 | Decrease during time developmentc; Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Turicibacter | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.0 | 3.16E-05 | 0.011 | 0.079 | 5.04E-05 | 0.0003 | 0.13 | 0.064 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Firmicutes | Tyzzerella | 0.00064 | 0.00086 | 0.54 | 0.28 | 9.44E-05 | 0.00011 | 0.78 | 0.66 | 0.084 | 0.096 | 0.0007 | 0.0009 | Decrease during time developmentb |
Firmicutes | Tyzzerella 3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.089 | 0.096 | 0.0 | 0.00011 | 0.046 | 0.15 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.023 | 0.016 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Clostridiales [Other] | 1.69E-05 | 1.47E-05 | 0.48 | 0.26 | 5.79E-05 | 4.07E-05 | 0.74 | 0.65 | 0.49 | 0.35 | 0.014 | 0.011 | Increase during time developmentb |
Firmicutes | Firmicutes Family XIII [Eubacterium] brachy group | 0.00011 | 7.52E-05 | 0.96 | 0.40 | 0.00016 | 0.00012 | 0.30 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.35 | 0.015 | 0.012 | Increase during time developmentb |
Firmicutes | Firmicutes Family XIII [Eubacterium] nodatum group | 7.88E-05 | 0.00015 | 0.77 | 0.35 | 0.0 | 0.00014 | 0.003 | 0.075 | 0.83 | 0.53 | 0.019 | 0.014 | Decrease during time development in PNGR only |
Firmicutes | Firmicutes Family XIII [ClosFamily XIII AD3011 group | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.56 | 0.28 | 4.81E-05 | 4.08E-05 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.011 | 0.021 | 0.005 | 0.005 | Increase during time developmentc |
Firmicutes | Firmicutes Family XIII [ClosFamily XIII UCG-001 | 2.63E-05 | 0.00022 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.00039 | 0.00049 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.004 | 0.011 | 1.74E-06 | 9.33E-06 | Increase during time developmentc; Repressed at PN21 in PNGR |
Proteobacteria | Bilophila | 0.00013 | 0.00013 | 0.85 | 0.37 | 0.00022 | 0.00052 | 0.008 | 0.08 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.45 | 0.17 | No increase during time development in PNGR |
Proteobacteria | Desulfovibrio | 0.01413 | 0.00781 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.00716 | 0.00978 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.91 | 0.57 | 0.008 | 0.007 | Decrease during time development in PNGR only |
Proteobacteria | Escherichia-Shigella | 0.00221 | 5.42E-05 | 0.008 | 0.017 | 0.0 | 8.51E-06 | 0.084 | 0.21 | 0.055 | 0.070 | 8.50E-06 | 2.27E-05 | Remarkably high at PN21 in PNGR |
Proteobacteria | Oryza meyeriana [mitochondrial] | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.49 | 0.26 | 2.24E-05 | 0.0 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.94 | 0.57 | 0.017 | 0.013 | Increase during time development in PNGR only |
Proteobacteria | Parasutterella | 0.00052 | 0.00061 | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.00166 | 0.00205 | 0.28 | 0.43 | 0.006 | 0.014 | 0.0002 | 0.0003 | Increase during time developmentc |
Tenericutes | Anaeroplasma | 1.31E-05 | 0.0004 | 0.073 | 0.083 | 0.00546 | 0.00232 | 0.025 | 0.11 | 0.021 | 0.034 | 0.0002 | 0.0003 | Increase during time developmentc |
Median relative abundance is reported for each genus in control (CTRL) and postnatal growth restriction group (PNGR) at postnatal day 21 (PN21) and postnatal day 60 (PN60). P-values < 0.05 and Q-values < 0.05 were regarded as significant. aTime development significant in CTRL group only, but same direction of change in PNGR group; bTime development significant in PNGR group only, but same direction of change in CTRL group; cTime development significant and in same direction in both CTRL and PNGR groups. (CTRL, n = 18 from 6 litters; PNGR, n = 18 from 6 litters) (results are representative of three independent experiments).