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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 3.
Published in final edited form as: J Proteome Res. 2019 Apr 8;18(5):1929–1938. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00086

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

The biological function of SIRT4 substrates. SIRT4 substrates are core regulators of cellular metabolism. PDH links glycolysis to the TCA cycle by catalyzing the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, while GDH replenishes TCA cycle intermediates by catalyzing the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate. MCD catalyzes the production of acetyl-CoA from malonyl-CoA and is a key enzyme in lipid catabolism. MCCC regulates branched-chain amino acid catabolism in cells, specifically functioning in leucine catabolism. The posttranslational modifications regulated by SIRT4 on these substrates are indicated.