Fig 2.

The impact of changing diagnostic thresholds on screening related overdiagnosis. Without screening, many patients with disease go undiagnosed and many experience harm from disease. Screening with a high diagnostic threshold results in more patients being diagnosed and fewer experiencing harms related to the disease, though more experience treatment related harms, and a small amount of overdiagnosis occurs. Screening with a low diagnostic threshold results in many more patients being diagnosed, among whom many are overdiagnosed, with little harm from disease but more harm related to treatment