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. 2019 Nov 12;45(1):61–80. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4402

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Copyright: © Wang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Upregulation surface markers and cytokines of M1 macrophages by extracellular HMGB1 (A) Flow cytometry was used to identify F4/80⁺ and CD11c⁺ lung AMs isolated from lung MNCs of mice. IMs were marked as F4/80⁺ and CD11c⁻ MNCs. (B) Detection of expression levels of MHC II⁺, CD80⁺, CD86⁺, CD40⁺, CD206⁺ and IL-10 on AM cell surface. All experiments were repeated more than three times (n=4-6 mice per each group). Data presented is from a representative experiment. All data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Upregulation surface markers and cytokines of M1 macrophages by extracellular HMGB1. (C) The percentages of lung AMs expressing MHC II, CD80, CD86, CD40, CD206 and IL-10 were calculated. (D) AM activation is defined by two distinct polarization states: M1 and M2. M1-related cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) and M2-related cytokine (IL-10) were detected in culture supernatant of BMMs by ELISA. All experiments were repeated more than three times (n=4-6 mice per each group). Data presented is from a representative experiment. All data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. ^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01 and ^***P<0.001 vs. LPS group. LPS, lipopolysaccharide; IL, interleukin; MCP, myeloperoxidase; rHMGB1, recombinant High mobility group box 1; CD, cluster of differentiation; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; AMs, alveolar macrophages; MNCs, mono-nuclear cells; BMMs, bone-marrow derived macrophages.

Upregulation surface markers and cytokines of M1 macrophages by extracellular HMGB1 (A) Flow cytometry was used to identify F4/80⁺ and CD11c⁺ lung AMs isolated from lung MNCs of mice. IMs were marked as F4/80⁺ and CD11c⁻ MNCs. (B) Detection of expression levels of MHC II⁺, CD80⁺, CD86⁺, CD40⁺, CD206⁺ and IL-10 on AM cell surface. All experiments were repeated more than three times (n=4-6 mice per each group). Data presented is from a representative experiment. All data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Upregulation surface markers and cytokines of M1 macrophages by extracellular HMGB1. (C) The percentages of lung AMs expressing MHC II, CD80, CD86, CD40, CD206 and IL-10 were calculated. (D) AM activation is defined by two distinct polarization states: M1 and M2. M1-related cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) and M2-related cytokine (IL-10) were detected in culture supernatant of BMMs by ELISA. All experiments were repeated more than three times (n=4-6 mice per each group). Data presented is from a representative experiment. All data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. ^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01 and ^***P<0.001 vs. LPS group. LPS, lipopolysaccharide; IL, interleukin; MCP, myeloperoxidase; rHMGB1, recombinant High mobility group box 1; CD, cluster of differentiation; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; AMs, alveolar macrophages; MNCs, mono-nuclear cells; BMMs, bone-marrow derived macrophages.