Effects of APP overexpression and silencing on the migration of MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and BT474 breast cancer cells. Staining images from the Transwell assay. The effects of APP overexpression and silencing were investigated in (Aa-1) MDA-MB-231 cells and (Aa-2) quantified, in (Bb-1) MCF-7 cells and (Bb-2) quantified, and in (Cc-1) BT474 breast cancer cells and (Cc-2) quantified. Magnification in Aa-1 and Bb-1, ×100. Scale bar, 200 µm. Magnification in Cc-1, ×400. Scale bar, 50 µm. (D) Representative gap closure assay images and statistical analysis, showing the effects of APP overexpression and silencing on the cell migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Magnification, ×40. Scale bar, 250 µm. Representative images of the effects of APP overexpression and silencing on the invasive ability of breast cancer (E) MDA-MB-231, (F) MCF-7 and (G) BT474 cells (magnification, ×100; Scale bar, 200 µm) and the statistical results of the number of invading cells. Five representative fields were randomly imaged and quantified for each well in cell migration and invasion assays. Data are presented as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. *P<0.05 vs. control. APP, amyloid precursor protein; shRNA, short hairpin RNA; OE, overexpression.