Table 1.
Patient characteristics, surgeons’ experience, treatment factors and clinical outcomes for robotic anatomical pulmonary resections in patients with primary lung cancer.
| All patients (n=1810) |
Catastrophic Event (n=35) |
No Catastrophic Event (n=1775) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 69 [62–75]* | 70 [62–73]* | 69 [62–75]* | 0.954 |
| Male | 803 (44.4%) | 18 (51.4%) | 785 (44.2%) | 0.397 |
| Pack years | 25 [2–45]* | 40 [12–54]* | 24 [2–45] | 0.065 |
| ECOG ≥ 1 | 725 (44.1%) | 15 (48.4%) | 710 (44.0%) | 0.716 |
| FEV1 predicted | 90 [76–103]* | 81 [67–92]* | 90 [77–103]* | 0.004 |
| DLCO predicted | 77 [64–93]* | 68.5 [61–86]* | 77 [64–93]* | 0.136 |
| BMI | 26 [23–30]* | 27 [24–31]* | 26 [23–30]* | 0.290 |
| Clinical stage | 0.031 | |||
| I | 1301 (72.1%) | 18 (52.9%) | 1283 (72.5%) | |
| II | 311 (17.2%) | 8 (23.5%) | 303 (17.1%) | |
| III | 179 (9.9%) | 7 (20.6%) | 172 (9.7%) | |
| IV | 13 (0.7%) | 1 (2.9%) | 12 (0.7%) | |
| Histopathology | 0.444 | |||
| Adeno | 1291 (71.3%) | 22 (62.9%) | 1269 (71.5%) | |
| Squamous | 307 (17.0%) | 8 (22.9%) | 299 (16.8%) | |
| Large Cell | 20 (1.1%) | 1 (2.9%) | 19 (1.1%) | |
| Carcinoid | 105 (5.9%) | 1 (2.9%) | 105 (5.9%) | |
| Other | 83 (4.7%) | 3 (8.6%) | 83 (4.7%) | |
| Surgeon characteristics | ||||
| Experience ≤ 20 | 191 (10.6%) | 6 (17.1%) | 185 (10.4%) | 0.258 |
| Treatment factors | ||||
| Re-do operation | 44 (2.4%) | 1 (2.9%) | 43 (2.4%) | 0.581 |
| Pre-op chemo | 156 (8.6%) | 3 (8.6%) | 153 (8.6%) | 1.000 |
| Pre-op XRT | 43 (2.4%) | 3 (8.6%) | 40 (2.3%) | 0.048 |
| Procedure | <0.001 | |||
| RUL lobectomy | 591 (32.7%) | 9 (25.7%) | 582 (32.8%) | |
| RML lobectomy | 118 (6.5%) | 1 (2.9%) | 117 (6.6%) | |
| RLL lobectomy | 286 (15.8%) | 3 (8.6%) | 283 (15.9%) | |
| LUL lobectomy | 358 (19.8%) | 12 (34.3%) | 346 (19.5%) | |
| LLL lobectomy | 213 (11.8%) | 3 (8.6%) | 210 (11.8%) | |
| Segment | 205 (11.3%) | 3 (8.6%) | 202 (11.4%) | |
| Bilobectomy | 34 (1.9%) | 2 (5.7%) | 32 (1.8%) | |
| Pneumonectomy | 5 (0.3%) | 2 (5.7%) | 3 (0.2%) | |
| Clinical outcomes | ||||
| Operation (min) | 170 [129–214]* | 195 [144–305]* | 170 [129–213]* | 0.020 |
| Blood loss (mL) | 50 [20–100]* | 225 [55–500]* | 50 [20–100]* | <0.001 |
| Mortality | 11 (0.6%) | 2 (5.7%) | 9 (0.5%) | 0.018 |
*
Continuous variables are reported as median and interquartile range. ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; FEV1, percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second; DLCO, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide; BMI, body mass index; RUL, right upper lobe, RML, right middle lobe; RLL, right lower lobe; LUL, left upper lobe; LLL, left lower lobe;