Table 3.

Study Participants and Eye Characteristics Grouped by Maximum CMV Retinitis Lesion Border Opacity Score in the Worse Eye for Participants in LSOCA.

Characteristic	Maximum Opacity Score*						P Value
	1	2	3	4	5	6
No. of study participants	8†	5†	9†	28†	47†	25†
Demographics
Median age, y	36	39	39	44	37	37	0.78
Race/ethnicity							0.07
White, n (%)	4 (50.0)	4 (80.0)	2 (25.0)	11 (39.3)	22 (46.8)	6 (24.0)
Black, n (%)	3 (37.5)	1 (20.0)	1 (12.5)	12 (42.9)	18 (38.3)	13 (52.0)
Other race, n (%)	1 (12.5)	0 (0.0)	5 (62.5)	5 (17.9)	7 (14.9)	6 (24.0)
Male sex, n (%)	7 (87.5)	3 (60.0)	8 (100.0)	18 (64.3)	38 (80.8)	13 (52.0)	0.03
HIV exposure risk factor							0.48
MSM only, n (%)	3 (37.5)	3 (60.0)	5 (62.5)	12 (42.9)	29 (61.7)	9 (36.0)
MSM and IDU, n (%)	1 (12.5)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (3.6)	2 (4.3)	0 (0.0)
IDU only, n (%)	1 (12.5)	1 (20.0)	0	1 (3.6)	1 (2.1)	1 (4.0)
Heterosexual, n (%)	2 (25.0)	1 (20.0)	1 (12.5)	9 (32.1)	12 (25.5)	12 (48.0)
Other risk factor, n (%)	1 (12.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (25.0)	5 (17.9)	3 (6.4)	3 (12.0)
Medical factors
Mean Karnofsky score	79	68	80	74	76	70	0.19
Median hemoglobin value, g/dL	10.9	12.0	12.3	11.6	11.5	10.8	0.16
Treatment factors
On cART‡, n (%)	6 (75.0)	4 (80.0)	7 (87.5)	19 (67.9)	33 (71.7)	16 (64.0)	0.84
Receiving anti-CMV drugs§ in past 28 days, n (%)	3 (37.5)	4 (80.0)	6 (75.0)	16 (57.1)	32 (69.6)	17 (68.0)	0.44||
Currently on anti-CMV drugs§, n (%)	3 (37.5)	4 (80.0)	6 (75.0)	15 (53.6)	30 (65.2)	15 (60.0)	0.51¶
Receiving antiherpetic drugs#, n (%)	3 (37.5)	1 (20.0)	1 (12.5)	4 (14.3)	6 (13.0)	10 (40.0)	0.08
Laboratory values
Median CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, cells/μL	58	18	55	49	20	20	0.006
CD4+ T-lymphocyte count thresholds
<100 cells/μL, n (%)	5 (62.5)	3 (75.0)	7 (77.8)	20 (74.1)	44 (95.6)	23 (92.0)	0.04
<50 cells/μL, n (%)	4 (50.0)	3 (75.0)	2 (22.2)	14 (51.8)	37 (80.4)	22 (88.0)	0.0007
Median CD8+ T-lymphocyte count (cells/μL)	576	331	523	271	311	141	0.0004
CD8+ T-lymphocyte count
<520 cells/μL, n (%)	3 (37.5)	4 (80.0)	4 (44.4)	18 (69.2)	35 (77.8)	20 (87.0)	0.04
<400 cells/μL, n (%)	3 (37.5)	4 (80.0)	4 (44.4)	17 (65.4)	27 (60.0)	19 (82.6)	0.14
Mean current HIV RNA blood level (log10 copies/mL)	2.4	4.4	3.8	4.4	4.7	4.9	<0.0001
Current HIV RNA blood level <400 copies/mL, n (%)	4 (57.1)	1 (20.0)	3 (37.5)	4 (15.4)	4 (10.0)	1 (4.4)	0.009
Mean maximum HIV RNA blood level (log10 copies/mL)	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.8	0.14
Eye characteristics
Bilateral CMV retinitis, n (%)	4 (50.0)	1 (20.0)	3 (33.3)	6 (21.4)	16 (34.0)	14 (56.0)	0.14
Zone 1 involvement in either eye, n (%)	2 (25.0)	1 (20.0)	7 (77.8)	11 (39.3)	21 (44.7)	15 (60.0)	0.11
Extent of CMV lesion, n (percentage of individuals with ≥25% involvement in either eye)	4 (50.0)	1 (20.0)	2 (22.2)	7 (25.0)	15 (31.9)	9 (36.0)	0.74
Immune recovery uveitis in either eye**, n (%)	1 (12.5)	1 (20.0)	1 (11.1)	5 (17.9)	4 (8.5)	3 (12.0)	0.89

^*The highest score assigned to any lesion in either eye by the Fundus Photograph Reading Center.

^†In calculating percentages, denominators were based on the number of eyes with available data for each characteristic.

^‡For study purposes, cART was defined as a combination of at least 3 antiretroviral drugs.

^§Ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir, or fomivirsen administered by any route.

^||P value = 0.96, excluding study participants with opacity scores of 1.

^¶P value = 0.60, excluding study participants with opacity scores of 1.

^#Antiherpetic drugs other than anti-CMV agents, including acyclovir, valaciclovir, or famciclovir.

^**As reported by study investigators, based on the presence of a prominent vitreous inflammatory reaction in study participants with laboratory evidence of immune recovery (current CD4+T-lymphocyte count >100 cells/μL with a nadir <100 cells/μL).¹⁹