Table 2. The mean, standard deviation (SD) of microhardness in different groups.
| Variables | VHN | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial | After demineralization | After treatment 7 d | After treatment 15 d | p -Value | |||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Abbreviations: ACP, amorphous calcium phosphate; CPP, casein phosphopeptide; GMP, glycomacropeptide; VHN, Vickers hardness number. Note: Means followed by different letters (lowercase horizontally and uppercase vertically) indicate statistically significant differences (*significant [ p < 0.05] and nonsignificant [ns] [ p > 0.05]). | |||||||||
| A0 (base) | 177.7 Aa | 37.4 | 63.3 Ab | 20.7 | 64.4 Ab | 16.6 | 58.1 Ab | 16.6 | < 0.001* |
| A1 (CPP) | 182.3 Aa | 46.9 | 41.5 Ab | 13.5 | 83.4 Bb | 18.4 | 78.4 Ab | 21.1 | < 0.001* |
| A2 (CPP/ACP) | 195.9 Aa | 49.2 | 48.4 Ac | 18.8 | 100.9 Bb | 16.5 | 124.5 Bb | 16.05 | < 0.001* |
| A3 (CPP/ACP/Probiotic) | 253.2 Ba | 30.9 | 63.9 Ac | 19.7 | 117.4 Cb | 12.9 | 125.8 Bb | 18.8 | < 0.001* |
| A4 (CPP/ACP/GMP) | 276.6 Ba | 42.9 | 54.7 Ac | 15.1 | 81.5 Bc | 14.5 | 149.9 Cb | 13.2 | 0.0032* |
| A5 (Commercial) | 265.3 Ba | 34.9 | 47.2 Ad | 13.4 | 85.7 Bc | 8.4 | 130.6 Bb | 17.1 | < 0.001* |
| p -Value | 0.01* | 0.09ns | < 0.013* | 0.008* | |||||