Table 2.
Changes in sublingual microcirculation and NIRS-derived parameters
| Baseline | 24 h | 72 h | p (time)a | p (interaction)b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PVDs (mm/mm2) | 0.869 | < 0.001 | |||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 21.7 ± 4.7 | 23.4 ± 6.0 | 25.5 ± 5.1* | ||
| Placebo (n = 9) | 25.0 ± 5.8 | 23.8 ± 4.4 | 20.7 ± 4.1** | ||
| MFIs (AU) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 2.68 [2.38–2.78] | 2.93 [2.82–3.00]** | 2.82 [2.65–2.95] | 0.002 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | 2.83 [2.60–2.97] | 2.93 [2.62–2.93] | 2.67 [2.48–2.73]* | 0.016 | |
| TVDs (mm/mm2) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 25.5 [17.9–27.1] | 24.9 [18.7–27.6] | 27.0 [19.3–29.6] | 0.436 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | 26.6 [21.1–30.3] | 25.2 [20.5–28.1] | 22.5 [17.8–26.6] | 0.154 | |
| De Backer score (n/mm) | 0.887 | 0.144 | |||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 13.1 ± 2.2 | 13.3 ± 3.4 | 14.2 ± 2.7 | ||
| Placebo (n = 9) | 13.9 ± 2.8 | 13.2 ± 2.4 | 12.8 ± 2.7 | ||
| PPVs (%) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 96 [87–98] | 99 [98–100] | 98 [97–100] | 0.050 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | 98 [96–99] | 98 [97–99] | 96 [94–98]# | 0.154 | |
| FHI (AU) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 0.31 [0.16–0.45] | 0.03 [0–0.13] | 0.07 [0–0.18] | 0.032 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | 0.18 [0.03–0.30] | 0.07 [0.07–0.18] | 0.11 [0.03–0.26] | 0.495 | |
| StO2 (%) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 80 [79–84] | 84 [79–89] | 84 [77–88] | 0.316 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | 85 [72–86] | 81 [78–84] | 84 [75–87] | 0.658 | |
| StO2 downslope (%/min) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | − 8.4 [− 10.8, − 6.1] | − 10.9 [− 11.9, − 8.2] | − 11.5 [− 16.3, − 9.1] | 0.367 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | − 8.0 [− 14.2, − 5.7] | − 6.6 [− 13.9, − 6.1] | − 10.2 [− 12.3, − 6.7] | 0.813 | |
| StO2 upslope (%/min) | 0.005 | 0.681 | |||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 157 ± 37 | 224 ± 82** | 207 ± 77 | ||
| Placebo (n = 9) | 120 ± 57 | 162 ± 68 | 146 ± 73 | ||
| Area of hyperemia (%*min) | 0.002 | 0.544 | |||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 16.7 ± 10.5 | 12.7 ± 8.3 | 10.3 ± 5.9* | ||
| Placebo (n = 9) | 15.3 ± 10.3 | 13.9 ± 7.4 | 7.1 ± 6.8* | ||
| THI (AU) | – | ||||
| Pentaglobin (n = 10) | 12 [9–15] | 11 [8–12] | 10 [8–14] | 0.601 | |
| Placebo (n = 9) | 11 [7–13] | 10 [7–13] | 8 [7–12] | 0.654 | |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median [1st–3rd quartile], as appropriate
NIRS near-infrared spectroscopy, PVD perfused vessel density, MFI microvascular flow index, TVD total vessel density, PPV percentage of perfused vessels, FHI flow heterogeneity index, StO2 tissue oxygen saturation, THI tissue haemoglobin index, AU arbitrary units
aTwo-way analysis of variance for repeated measures (testing the effect of time) or Friedman test, as appropriate
bTwo-way analysis of variance for repeated measures (testing for the interaction between time and treatment), when applicable
* p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 versus baseline, Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures with Sidack’s post hoc test or Friedman test with Dunn’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons, as appropriate
#p < 0.05 versus Pentaglobin group, Mann–Whitney U test