Table 2.
Individual-level characteristics by neighborhood poverty mobility, Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) study, CA, USA, 2012–2013, N = 2619
| Characteristics | Neighborhood poverty mobility | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-poor both times | Poor both times | Moved into a poor neighborhood | Moved out of a poor neighborhood | |
| Child age (%) | ||||
| 4–5 years | 23.6 | 24.6 | 19.9 | 21.9 |
| 6–7 years | 38.7 | 36.8 | 35.7 | 33.1 |
| 8–10 years | 37.7 | 38.6 | 44.4 | 45.0 |
| Child sex (%) | ||||
| Boy | 51.6 | 50.4 | 57.1 | 57.1 |
| Girl | 48.5 | 49.6 | 42.9 | 42.9 |
| Child race/ethnicity (%) | ||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 14.7 | 1.7 | 5.6 | 7.3 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 3.0 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 7.2 |
| Latino/a | 41.9 | 84.0 | 69.5 | 73.2 |
| White, non-Hispanic | 30.7 | 1.7 | 10.8 | 9.7 |
| More than one race | 9.6 | 2.5 | 4.6 | 2.6 |
| Mother’s marital status (%) | ||||
| Married or cohabiting | 87.7 | 73.7 | 81.5 | 82.2 |
| Separated/divorced/widowed | 6.5 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 6.6 |
| Single/never married | 5.7 | 18.3 | 11.0 | 11.3 |
| Mother’s education (%) | ||||
| Less than high school | 11.3 | 38.4 | 22.8 | 30.0 |
| High school/GED | 16.5 | 32.0 | 33.1 | 27.8 |
| Some college | 23.7 | 22.4 | 21.3 | 23.7 |
| College graduate or more | 48.6 | 7.3 | 22.8 | 18.5 |
| Family income (%) | ||||
| Non-poor both times | 73.1 | 22.8 | 40.8 | 40.4 |
| Poor both times | 10.9 | 47.9 | 28.7 | 33.5 |
| Became poor | 6.2 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 7.9 |
| Became non-poor | 10.0 | 16.7 | 17.6 | 18.2 |
| Mother neighborhood dissatisfaction | 5.1 | 19.4 | 19.8 | 10.7 |
Note. Family income and neighborhood mobility were measured at the time of both the MIHA and GROW surveys, and other variables were measured at the time of the GROW survey