Table 2.
ANOVA of demographical, clinical, cognitive, ToM, functional variables in both groups.
| ATs+ group |
ATs− group |
ANOVA |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | F | p | |
| Age (years) | 45.30 (±12.42) | 45.40 (±10.73) | 0.001 | .97 |
| Education (years) | 11.26 (±2.43) | 11.84 (±2.95) | 0.716 | .39 |
| Age at Onset (years) | 20.09 (±2.91) | 25.05 (±6.65) | 12.055 | .0008* |
| Duration of illness (years) | 25.21 (±12.59) | 20.34 (±8.61) | 4.421 | .03* |
| Sex (% male) | 52.17 | 65.75 | ||
| PST (T0) | ||||
| First Order Beliefs Total Score | 3.30 (±1.55) | 3.82 (±1.08) | 3.202 | .07 |
| Second Order Beliefs Total Score | 3.13 (±1.18) | 3.51 (±1.32) | 1.485 | .22 |
| Third Order False Beliefs | 1.17 (±0.83) | 1.49 (±1.00) | 1.914 | .16 |
| Total Questionnaire Score | 14.70 (±4.09) | 16.68 (±3.94) | 4.370 | .03* |
| Total Sequencing Score | 21.96 (±7.08) | 25.41 (±7.44) | 3.858 | .052 |
| Total Score | 36.65 (±10.13) | 42.10 (±10.06) | 5.103 | .02* |
| I.Q. | ||||
| Verbal score | 81.35 (±10.49) | 90.26 (±14.02) | 6.817 | .01* |
| Performance score | 75.95 (±10.00) | 84.53 (±13.43) | 6.903 | .01* |
| Total score | 78.81 (±9.53) | 86.58 (±12.99) | 6.388 | .01* |
| BACS | ||||
| Verbal memory | 30.74 (±12.53) | 36.58 (±10.05) | 5.208 | .02* |
| Working memory | 13.43 (±4.30) | 16.55 (±3.35) | 12.971 | .0005* |
| Psychomotor speed and coordination | 66.52 (±17.39) | 68.87 (±15.73) | 0.348 | .55 |
| Verbal fluency | 35.00 (±13.57) | 36.96 (±13.39) | 0.370 | .54 |
| Processing speed | 31.96 (±13.13) | 37.49 (±10.14) | 4.414 | .03* |
| Executive functions | 10.04 (±3.95) | 13.37 (±3.83) | 12.904 | .0005* |
| PAS | ||||
| Childhood | 0.46 (±0.18) | 0.32 (±0.17) | 7.584 | .007* |
| Early adolescence | 0.51 (±0.14) | 0.38 (±0.16) | 7.338 | .008* |
| Late adolescence | 0.55 (±0.12) | 0.46 (±0.18) | 3.621 | .06 |
| Adulthood | 0.50 (±0.24) | 0.42 (±0.22) | 1.442 | .23 |
| General score | 0.51 (±0.11) | 0.49 (±0.13) | 0.237 | .62 |
| Total score | 0.48 (±0.07) | 0.39 (±0.11) | 8.307 | .005* |
| QLS | ||||
| Relationships | 16.70 (±8.68) | 19.41 (±6.75) | 2.205 | .14 |
| Work | 3.30 (±4.77) | 3.20 (±4.77) | 0.007 | .93 |
| Self-directedness | 19.20 (±9.41) | 26.77 (±7.98) | 12.983 | .0005* |
| Total score | 39.20 (±20.90) | 49.38 (±14.64) | 6.178 | .01* |
Data are given as mean and (standard deviation).
ANOVA = analysis of variance.
PST = Picture Sequencing Task (Total Questionnaire Score: range 0–23; Total Sequencing Score: range 0–36; Total Score: range 0–59). I.Q. = Intelligence Quotient. BACS = Brief Assessment for Cognition in Schizophrenia (verbal memory: range 0–75; working memory: range 0–28; psychomotor speed and coordination: range 0–100; verbal fluency: 0–60; processing speed:0–110; executive functions: range 0–22). PAS = Premorbid Adjustment Scale (Total Score: range 0–1). QLS = Quality of Life Scale (Total Score: range 0–126).
* = p<.05