Changes in c-di-GMP levels affect expression of frhA and craA in the strain Ptac-cdgF. (A) Production of c-di-GMP in strain Ptac-cdgF was measured during exponential (left) and stationary (right) phases of growth in the absence or presence of 100 μM IPTG using a c-di-GMP reporter. Fluorescence intensity (FI) of AmCyan is used as a normalizer and FI of TurboRFP is an indicator of c-di-GMP level. Expressions of the transcriptional fusions PfrhA-lux (B) and PcraA-lux (C) were analyzed during exponential (left) and stationary (right) phases of growth in a genetic background where c-di-GMP levels are modulated using inducer IPTG (strain Ptac-cdgF). Cells were grown in the absence or presence of 100 μM IPTG. The graphs represent the means and standard deviations of the relative fluorescent intensity (RFI) (FI TurboRFP/AmCyan) or relative luminescence units (RLU) from at least three independent biological replicates. Means were compared using an unpaired t test with Welch’s correction. Mean differences with a P value of ≤0.05 were deemed significant. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001; NS, not significant.