Pupils in all three kd groups imitated tutor song incompletely. a, Kruskal–Wallis test, p = 0.0053, Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 12.73. Dunn's Multiple-Comparisons Test: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005. Only FoxP2-sh pupils are significantly more inaccurate in the imitation fidelity of the copied song material. b, Kruskal–Wallis test, not significant, p = 0.054, Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 7.640. Dunn's Multiple-Comparisons Test: *p < 0.05. Scatter dot plots. Each dot represents the mean similarity or accuracy score for each animal. Red line indicates the mean of means.