TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of participants. (CES-D=Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale)
| By CD4 Count | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV+ (n=399) | < 200 (n=200) | 350–500 (n=199) | p | |
| Male [n (%)] | 212 (53%) | 121 (60%) | 91 (46%) | 0.003 |
| Age (years) [mean (SD)] | 35 (8) | 34 (7) | 37 (9) | 0.001 |
| CD4 count [mean (SD)] | ---- | 95 (61) | 420 (43) | ---- |
| Education (years) [mean (SD)] | 5 (3) | 5 (4) | 5 (3) | 0.39 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) [mean (SD)] | 21.8 (3.5) | 20.6 (2.8) | 23.0 (3.7) | < 0.001 |
| Underweight [n (%)] | 51 (13%) | 44 (22%) | 7 (4%) | < 0.001 |
| Overweight/obese [n (&)] | 53 (13%) | 7 (4%) | 46 (23%) | < 0.001 |
| CES-D Score [mean (SD)] | 10 (9) | 12 (10) | 8 (9) | 0.001 |
| Depression (CES-D >= 16) [n (%)] | 96 (24%) | 61 (30%) | 35 (18%) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes [n (%)] | 0 (0%) | ---- | ---- | ----- |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 4 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (2%) | 0.04 |
| Tobacco use [n (%)] | 63 (16%) | 39 (20%) | 24 (12%) | 0.04 |
| Narcotics use [n (%)] | 12 (3%) | 10 (5%) | 2 (1%) | 0.02 |
| Alcohol use in past month [n (%)] | 195 (49%) | 90 (45%) | 105 (52%) | 0.13 |
| HAND [n (%)] | 236 (59%) | 131 (66%) | 105 (53%) | 0.01 |
| Peripheral neuropathy [n (%)] | 76 (19%) | 36 (18%) | 40 (20%) | 0.59 |
| Headaches [n (%)]* | 55 (42%) | 4 (40%) | 51 (42%) | 1.0 |
| Mortality [n (%)]+ | 17 (5%) | 14 (8%) | 3 (2%) | 0.005 |
*
Headaches were surveyed in a subgroup of 130 participants (n=10 with CD4<200 cells/μL and n=120 with CD4 350–500 cells/μL). Remaining participants were excluded from this analysis.
+
Vital status was ascertained in 354 participants (n=166 with CD4<200 cells/μL and n=188 with CD4 350–500 cells/μL). Participants lost to follow-up (n=45) were excluded from this analysis.