Table 1.
Summary of published literature that assessed the effect of trace metals on the growth and toxin production of freshwater cyanobacteria. Y, limitation was observed for this element; C, colimitation with N and/or P was observed; N, no limitation was observed; T+, addition of element had a positive effect on cyanotoxin production; T−, limitation of nutrient increased toxin production; T±, no effect.
| Location | Taxa | Co | Cu | Fe | Mn | Mo | Zn | Mix | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | T− | Alexova et al. [68] (2011) | ||||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | T+ | Amé and Wunderlin [132] (2005) | ||||||
| Culture | Anabaena spp. | C | Attridge and Rowell [133] (1997) | ||||||
| Canadian Shield lakes | Pico-cyanobacteria | C | Auclair [134] (1995) | ||||||
| Torrão reservoir | Microcystis aeruginosa | N | N | N | N | N | N | Baptista et al. [7] (2014) | |
| Culture | Anacystis sp. | Y | Cheniae and Martin [135] (1967) | ||||||
| Lake Tanganyika, East Africa | Pico-cyanobacteria | Y, C | de Wever et al. [64] (2008) | ||||||
| Lake Waihola, New Zealand | Anabaena flos-aquae | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Downs et al. [35] (2008) | ||
| Lake Mahinerangi, New Zealand | N | N | N | N | N | ||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | Y | Fujii et al. [70] (2016) | ||||||
| Culture | Nostoc sp. | C | Glass et al. [71] (2010) | ||||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | T± | T± | Gouvêa et al. [108] (2008) | |||||
| Culture | Phormidium autumnale | Y, T± | Y, T± | Harland et al. [72] (2013) | |||||
| Lake Erken, Sweden | Gloeotrichia echinulate | C | Hyenstrand et al. [136] (2001) | ||||||
| Lake Erken, Sweden | Gloeotrichia echinulate | C | N | Karlsson-Elfgren et al. [137] (2005) | |||||
| Culture | Microcystis novacekii | Y, T+ | Li et al. [78] (2009) | ||||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | N, T± | Y, T− | N, T± | Y, T± | Lukac and Aegerter [109] (1993) | |||
| Lake 227, Experimental Lakes Area | Aphanizomenon schindlerii | Y | Molot et al. [81] (2010) | ||||||
| Anabaena flos-aquae, Synechococcus | Y | ||||||||
| Culture | Anacystis nidulans | Y | N | Peschek [138] (1979) | |||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | N | Y, T+ | Polyak et al. [86] (2013) | |||||
| Culture | Synechocystis | Y | Salomon and Keren [105] (2011) | ||||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | T− | Sevilla et al. [82] (2008) | ||||||
| Laurentian Great Lakes | Total cyanophyta | C | Sorichetti et al. [139] (2014) | ||||||
| Culture | Anabaena oscillarioides | C | ter Steeg et al. [91] (1986) | ||||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | T+ | Utkilen and Gjolme [106] (1995) | ||||||
| Clear Lake, California | Aphanizomenon flos-aquae | C | Wurtsbaugh and Horne [140] (1983) | ||||||
| Culture | Microcystis aeruginosa | Y, T− | Yeung et al. [107] (2016) | ||||||
| Lake Taihu, China | Total cyanophyta | N | Y, C | Y, C | N | N | Zhang et al. [37] (2019) | ||
| Microcystis aeruginosa | N | Y, C | C | N | N |