Table 1.
Average composition or ranges of widely used red seaweeds, expressed in% d.w. (5.3–12.1% moisture) and biological properties of the major components.
| Seaweed Genus | Carbohydrates | Protein | Lipids | Minerals | Phenolics | Chla/Car (mg/g) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asparagopsis | 40.5 | 17.6 | 6.62 | 23.76 | 0.06 | 0.03/0.01 | [39] |
| Chondrus | 50.20–64.6 | 6.7–18.1 | 2.46–4.20 | 19.8–22.8 | 0.04–0.43 | 0.06/0.02 | [28,29,39] |
| Eucheuma | 65.82 | 4.9 | 0.10 | 17.3 | [40] | ||
| Galaxaura | 10.28 | 2.80 | 1.43 | 84.36 | [39] | ||
| Grateulopia | 73.37 | 4.9 | 2.97 | 16.60 | 0.02 | 0.18/0.13 | [39] |
| Gelidium | 23.5–25.2 2; 10.6–12.2 3 |
18.4–19.3 | 1.1–1.3 | [4] | |||
| Gelidiella | 24.52; 9.83 | 14.9 | 1.4 | [4] | |||
| Gelidiopsis | 11.43 | 17.6 | 1.3 | [4] | |||
| Gigartina | 29.31 1 | 15.6 | 0.57 | 34.56 | [41] | ||
| Gracilaria | 24.8–78.7; 11.2–56.6 2; 3.8–6.1 3 |
0.6–45.0 | 0.3–7.1 | 7.4–40.3 | 0.001–0.06/0.001–0.007 | [4,24,26,30,31,42,43,44] | |
| Graciliaropsis | 77.7 | 10.5 | 0.8 | [44] | |||
| Kappaphycus | 57.2 | 2.6 | 5.2 | 15.8 | [45] | ||
| Mastocarpus | 60.4; 31.70 1 | 12.1–21.4 | 0.39 | 15.6–24.9 | [41,46] | ||
| Nemalion | 31.43 | 3.80 | 2.17 | 60.64 | 0.06 | 0.09/0.01 | [39] |
| Solieria | 18.8–22.5 | 8.1–8.3 | 2.1–2.5 | [16] | |||
| Palmaria | 31.7–59.0 | 10.7–31.4 | 4.9–12.9 | 9.0–23.7 | 0.48–0.55 | [28,29] | |
| Porphyra | 39.0–64.01 | 22.3–53.9 | 1.3 | 0.5–16.4 | 0.27–0.35 | 0.18–0.35/0.03–0.06 | [20,23,29] |
| Properties | AC, AT, AV, Ave, FP | AO, AH | AAt, ACh, AD, AH, AI, AP, AT, IS | DMS | AAt, AI, AO, AP, AT | AI, AO, AT | |
| References | [8,11,17,47] | [19,20,48,49] | [26,33,35,50] | [36] | [3,27] | [25] |
1 TDF: total dietary fiber; 2 Agar; 3 Cellulose. Chl a: Chlorophyll a; Car: carotenoids; DMS: dietary mineral supplement; FP: functional properties; AC: anticoagulant; AAt: anti-atherosclerotic; ACh: antichlolesterolemic; AD: antidiabetic; AH: antihypertensive; AI: anti-inflammatory; AO: antioxidant; AP: Antiproliferative; AT: antitumoral; Ave: Antivenom; AV: antiviral; IS: immune stimulant.