Table 1.

Secondary metabolites produced by Ascochyta and Phoma species.

Compounds	Class	Biological Function	Producing Fungi (Host) [Reference]
ascochitine	polyketide	antifungal phytotoxic	Ascochyta fabae (faba bean) [16,23,102]; A. hyalospora (lambsquarters) [25]; A. pisi (pea) [16,22]; A. salicorniae (Ulva sp., an alga) [27]; A. viciae-villosae (hairy vetch) [16,102]; Phoma clematidina (Clematis spp.) [24]; P. koolunga (pea) [16]; many Ascochyta-like spp. isolated from different legumes [16]
ascochlorin	meroterpenoid	antitrypanosomal	A. viciae (Vicia spp., vetches) [56,64]
ascofuranone	meroterpenoid	antitrypanosomal	A. viciae (Vicia spp., vetches) [57,65]
ascosalitoxin	polyketide	phytotoxic	A. salicorniae (Ulva sp., an alga) [27]
brefeldin A	polyketide	phytotoxic	P. medicaginis (Medicago spp.) [52]
cytochalasin A/B	hybrid 1	cytotoxic	A. lathyri (grass pea) [89]
herbarumin II	polyketide	phytotoxic	A. pinodes (pea) [43,53]
lathyroxin A/B	simple phenolics	phytotoxic	A. lentis var. lathyri (grass pea) [91]
lentiquinone A	polyketide	antibacterial (mild) phytotoxic	A. lentis (lentil) [41]
lentiquinone C	polyketide	antibacterial phytotoxic (mild)	A. lentis (lentil) [41]
lentisone	polyketide	antibacterial, phytotoxic	A. lentis (lentil) [40]
pachybasin	polyketide	induction of mycoparasitic coiling	A. lentis (lentil) [43]
pinolidoxin	polyketide	phytotoxic	A. pinodes (pea) [16,42]; A. pinodella (chickpea, lentil) [16]
pseurotin A	hybrid 1	phytotoxic (mild)	A. lentis (lentil) [40]
putaminoxin	polyketide	phytotoxic	A. pinodes (pea) [43]
pyrenolide A	polyketide	antifungal	A. hyalospora (lambsquarters) [25]
solanapyrone A	polyketide	phytotoxic, antibacterial antifungal	A. rabiei (chickpea) [16,47,70]
solanapyrone C	polyketide	algistatic, antibacterial	A. rabiei (chickpea) [16,47,70]
tyrosol	simple phenolics	phytotoxic (mild) quorum sensing	A. lentis (lentil) [40,92]

¹ polyketide–nonribosomal peptide hybrid origin.