Table 3.
Twelve different sources of ginseng were provided for this study. Contents of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rb2, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, and ginsenoside Rg1 of the twelve ginseng sources. The average content of ginsenosides is categorized by the scientific name and cultivation method.
| Scientific Name (Common Name) |
Cultivation Region | Cultivation Method | Sample No. | Rb1 (mg/g) |
Rb2 (mg/g) |
Rc (mg/g) |
Rd (mg/g) |
Re (mg/g) |
Rg1 (mg/g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
P. ginseng C.A. Meyer (Korean ginseng) |
Korea | Wood- cultivated |
A | 10 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 1 ± 0.3 | 7 ± 1 |
| B | 6 ± 1 | 2 ± 0.4 | 2 ± 0.3 | 2 ± 0.2 | ND | 5 ± 1 | |||
| C | 16 ± 0.4 | 4 ± 0.1 | 3 ± 0.1 | 5 ± 0.1 | 1 ± 0.0 | 9 ± 1 | |||
| D | 9 ± 1 | 4 ± 0.4 | 4 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 5 ± 0.4 | |||
| Mean | 10 ± 4 * | 4 ± 1 * | 3 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 * | 0.5 ± 0.4 * | 6 ± 2 | |||
| P. japonicus C.A. Meyer (Japanese ginseng) | Japan | Wood- cultivated |
E | 7 ± 0.4 | 4 ± 0.2 | 3 ± 0.2 | 3 ± 0.3 | ND | 5 ± 1 |
| F | 3 ± 1 | 4 ± 1 | ND | 2 ± 0.4 | ND | ND | |||
| Mean | 5 ± 2 * | 4 ± 0.1 * | 2 ± 0.0 | 2 ± 1 * | ND | 3 ± 0.4 | |||
|
P. quinquefolius L. (American ginseng) |
Canada | Truly wild | G | 42 ± 1 | 1 ± 0.1 | 5 ± 0.1 | 43 ± 1 | 3 ± 0.2 | 7 ± 0.1 |
| United States | H | 41 ± 3 | 1 ± 0.1 | 5 ± 0.3 | 22 ± 1 | 9 ± 1 | 1 ± 0.1 | ||
| Wisconsin | I | 39 ± 2 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 2 ± 0.2 | 31 ± 2 | 6 ± 1 | 3 ± 0.2 | ||
| Mean | 41 ± 1 * | 1 ± 0.3 * | 4 ± 2 | 32 ± 10 * | 6 ± 3 * | 3 ± 0.1 | |||
| Wood- cultivated |
J | 51 ± 4 | 1 ± 0.1 | 5 ± 1 | 26 ± 2 | 3 ± 1 | 1 ± 0.1 | ||
| K | 46 ± 4 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 3 ± 1 | 15 ± 2 | 3 ± 1 | 12 ± 4 | |||
| Mean | 48 ± 3 * | 1 ± 0.1 * | 4 ± 2 | 20 ± 7 * | 3 ± 0.2 * | 6 ± 8 | |||
| Wild- simulated |
L | 4 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 1 ± 0.1 | 1 ± 0.2 | ND | 6 ± 1 |
* p < 0.05; Means within a scientific name and each ginsenoside are significantly different as calculated by the ANOVA test in SPSS software. Data were expressed as the mean ± SD. (n = 3); ND: not detectable.