. 2019 Oct 25;17(11):609. doi: 10.3390/md17110609

Table 3.

Antioxidant activity of macroalgal-derived extracts and compounds.

Class of Compounds	Components	Algal Source	Mechanism of Action	Reference
Crude extracts	Methanol extract	Ascophyllum nodosum	ABTS and DPPH scavenging activity	[74]
		Laminaria japonica	Ferric reducing antioxidant property
		Lessonia trabeculate
		Lessonia nigrescens
		Gracilaria edulis	DPPH, ABTS, and NO radical scavenging activities	[75]
		Gracilaria corticata	DPPH, ABTS, and NO radical scavenging activities	[75]
		Myelophycus simplex	ABTS radical scavenging activity	[46]
		Ecklonia cava	Attenuation of H202-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells
		E. kurome
	Acetone extract	Ulva lactuca	DPPH and superoxide anion scavenging activity	[76]
	Acetone extract	Entermorpha intestinalis	Ferric reducing antioxidant property	[76]
	Ethanol/hexane extract	Pterocladiella capillacea	DPPH radical scavenging activity	[77]
	Ethanol/hexane extract	Osmindaria obtusiloba	Metal chelating activity	[77]
	Aqueous extract	Ascophyllum nodosum	DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities	[78]
		Bifurcaria bifurcate	Ferric reducing antioxidant capacity
		Fucus vesiculosus	Inhibition of lipid oxidation
Phlorotannins	Phlorotannin extract	Macrocytis pyrifera	DPPH radical scavenging activity	[83]
Polysaccharides	Fucoidan	Sargassum glaucescens	ABTS and DPPH scavenging and metal chelating activities	[85]
	Fucoidan	Sargassum polycystum	DPPH radical scavenging activity Ferric reducing antioxidant property	[87]
	Fucoidan and alginate	Cystoseira trinodis	Ferric reducing antioxidant property	[88]
	Fucoidan and alginate	Sargassum latifolium	Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity	[89]
	Sodium alginate	Nizimuddinia zanardini	DPPH radical scavenging activity	[90]
	Polysaccharides	Laminaria japonica	DPPH and oxygen radical scavenging activity	[91]
	Fucoidan	U. pinnatifida F. vesiculosus	Attenuation of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC-12 cells	[65]
	Fucoidan	U. pinnatifida F. vesiculosus	Activation of superoxide dismutase and glutathione in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC-12 cells	[71]
Proteins	Protein extracts	Ulva spp.	Ferric reducing antioxidant property	[92]
Proteins	Protein extracts	Gracilaria spp.	Oxygen radical absorption capacity	[92]
Carotenoids	Fucoxanthin	Himanthalia elongata	Ferric reducing antioxidant property DPPH radical scavenging activity	[94]
		Sargassum horneri	Attenuation of H₂O₂-induced neuronal apoptosis and intracellular ROS	[95]
		Sargassum horneri	Reduced malondialdehyde levels and SOD activity in Aβ-induced cell death in PC12 cells	[70]
	Fucoxanthinol	Undaria pinnatifida	Attenuation of oxidative stress in rats’ hippocampal neurons	[96]