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. 2019 Sep 14;394(10202):939–951. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31135-3

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Change in side-effect outcomes

(A) Weight gain in kg. (B) Use of antiparkinson medication. (C) Akathisia. (D) Prolactin elevation in ng/mL. (E) QTc prolongation in ms. (F) Sedation. (G) At least one anticholinergic side-effect. Treatments are ranked according to their surface under the curve cumulative ranking and compared with placebo. Effect sizes are presented as mean difference or risk ratio with 95% CrIs. The evidence is graded using CINeMA system (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis), an adaption of the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) approach for network meta-analysis. Colours indicate the confidence in the evidence: green=high, blue=moderate, grey=low, red=very low. N_T=total number of trials reporting the outcome (percentage of sample). n_T=total number of participants available for the respective outcome (percentage of sample). MD=Mean difference. CrI=credible interval. RR=risk ratio. AMI=amisulpride. ARI=aripiprazole. ASE=asenapine. BRE=brexpiprazole. CAR=cariprazine. CLO=clozapine. CPX=clopenthixol. CPZ=chlorpromazine. FLU=fluphenazine. FPX=flupentixol. HAL=haloperidol. ILO=iloperidone. LEV=levomepromazine. LOX=loxapine. LUR=lurasidone. MOL=molindone. OLA=olanzapine. PAL=paliperidone. PBO=placebo. PEN=penfluridol. PERA=perazine. PERPH=perphenazine. PIM=pimozide. QUE=quetiapine. RIS=risperidone. SER=sertindole. SUL=sulpiride. THIOR=thioridazine. THIOT=thiotixene. TRIFLU=trifluoperazine. ZIP=ziprasidone. ZOT=zotepine. ZUC=zuclopenthixol. *Results for clozapine and zotepine might be statistical artifacts caused by two small outlier studies.

Change in side-effect outcomes

(A) Weight gain in kg. (B) Use of antiparkinson medication. (C) Akathisia. (D) Prolactin elevation in ng/mL. (E) QTc prolongation in ms. (F) Sedation. (G) At least one anticholinergic side-effect. Treatments are ranked according to their surface under the curve cumulative ranking and compared with placebo. Effect sizes are presented as mean difference or risk ratio with 95% CrIs. The evidence is graded using CINeMA system (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis), an adaption of the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) approach for network meta-analysis. Colours indicate the confidence in the evidence: green=high, blue=moderate, grey=low, red=very low. N_T=total number of trials reporting the outcome (percentage of sample). n_T=total number of participants available for the respective outcome (percentage of sample). MD=Mean difference. CrI=credible interval. RR=risk ratio. AMI=amisulpride. ARI=aripiprazole. ASE=asenapine. BRE=brexpiprazole. CAR=cariprazine. CLO=clozapine. CPX=clopenthixol. CPZ=chlorpromazine. FLU=fluphenazine. FPX=flupentixol. HAL=haloperidol. ILO=iloperidone. LEV=levomepromazine. LOX=loxapine. LUR=lurasidone. MOL=molindone. OLA=olanzapine. PAL=paliperidone. PBO=placebo. PEN=penfluridol. PERA=perazine. PERPH=perphenazine. PIM=pimozide. QUE=quetiapine. RIS=risperidone. SER=sertindole. SUL=sulpiride. THIOR=thioridazine. THIOT=thiotixene. TRIFLU=trifluoperazine. ZIP=ziprasidone. ZOT=zotepine. ZUC=zuclopenthixol. *Results for clozapine and zotepine might be statistical artifacts caused by two small outlier studies.