Table 4.

Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for frailty, unadjusted and adjusted by covariates

Variables	Model1	Model2	Model3	Model4
	OR (95%CI)	Adjusted OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	Adjusted OR (95%CI)
Anemia	1.62**[1.39, 1.90]	1.31**[1.09, 1.57]	\	\
Hb concentration	\	\	0.90**[0.87, 0.92]	0.96**[0.93,0.99]
Age
50–59		ref		ref
60–69		1.99** [1.69, 2.35]		1.98** [1.68, 2.34]
70–79		3.22** [2.66, 3.89]		3.19** [2.64, 3.86]
80+		7.14** [5.45, 9.35]		7.12** [5.43, 9.33]
Gender
Men		ref		ref
Women		1.23* [1.03, 1.46]		1.18 [0.99, 1.41]
Residence
Urban		ref		ref
Rural		0.92 [0.62, 1.37]		0.93 [0.62, 1.37]
Education
No formal education		ref		ref
Less than primary		0.75** [0.62, 0.91]		0.75**[0.62, 0.92]
Primary school completed		0.68** [0.56, 0.83]		0.69**[0.56, 0.84]
Secondary school completed		0.71** [0.56, 0.90]		0.72**[0.57, 0.91]
High school completed		0.66** [0.50, 0.87]		0.66**[0.50, 0.88]
College completed and above		0.59* [0.39, 0.89]		0.60*[0.40, 0.91]
Wealth quintile
Q1(Lowest)		ref		ref
Q2		0.87 [0.72, 1.06]		0.87 [0.72, 1.05]
Q3		0.72** [0.59, 0.89]		0.72**[0.58, 0.89]
Q4		0.69** [0.55, 0.86]		0.68**[0.58, 0.89]
Q5(Highest)		0.59** [0.44, 0.78]		0.58**[0.44, 0.77]
Fruit and vegetable intake
Insufficient		ref		ref
Sufficient		0.66** [0.57, 0.77]		0.66**[0.57, 0.76]
Alcohol consumption
Never drinker		ref		ref
Non-heavy drinkers		0.78* [0.63, 0.97]		0.79*[0.63, 0.97]
Infrequent heavy drinkers		1.36 [0.72, 2.59]		1.36 [0.71, 2.59]
Frequent heavy drinkers		0.75 [0.51, 1.09]		0.76 [0.52, 1.10]
Tobacco use
Never smoker		ref		ref
Not current smoke		1.12 [0.80, 1.56]		1.11 [0.80, 1.56]
Smoker, not daily		0.97 [0.59, 1.60]		0.98 [0.59, 1.62]
Current daily smoker		0.93 [0.76, 1.13]		0.93 [0.76, 1.14]
Physical activity
Lower level		ref		ref
Moderate level		0.54** [0.46, 0.64]		0.54**[0.46, 0.63]
High level		0.36** [0.30, 0.42]		0.36**[0.30, 0.42]
Constant		0.23** [0.15, 0.36]		0.46*[0.25, 0.85]

*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01