Table 1.
Description of the CHRIS-NAFLD study sample
| Groups | ||
|---|---|---|
| T2Da (N = 173) | Non-T2Da (N = 183) | |
| Female—n (%) | 84 (48.6) | 93 (50.8) |
| Age (years)—mean (SD) | 67.3 (10.4) | 67.9 (10.7) |
| Alcohol consumption (g/day)—median (IQR) | 2.0 (0.0, 13.5) | 4.9 (1.0, 14.2) |
| Smoking habits—n (%) | ||
| Never | 104 (60.5) | 114 (62.3) |
| Past | 55 (32.0) | 59 (32.2) |
| Current | 13 (7.6) | 10 (5.5) |
| Self-reported diabetes—n (%) | 111 (64.2) | 1 (0.6) |
| Diabetes treatment—n (%) | 88 (51.8) | 0 (0.0) |
| Systolic blood pressure—mean (SD) | 142.1 (19.6) | 137.6 (8.7) |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment—n (%) | 109 (63.4) | 60 (32.8) |
| Lipid-lowering agents—n (%) | 77 (45.3) | 35 (19.9) |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%)—median (IRQ) | 6.4 (6.0, 6.9) | 5.3 (5.2, 5.4) |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl)—median (IRQ) | 122.5 (107.0, 142.0) | 90.0 (85.0, 96.0) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl)—mean (SD) | 199.5 (43.7) | 215.7 (45.9) |
| HDL (mg/dl)—mean (SD) | 53.2 (12.1) | 58.6 (13.6) |
| LDL (mg/dl)—mean (SD) | 125.9 (40.2) | 135.9 (40.8) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)—median (IRQ) | 111.5 (87.5, 143.5) | 91.0 (71.0, 122.0) |
| Proton pump inhibitors—n (%) | 19 (11.2) | 17 (9.7) |
| Statins—n (%) | 75 (44.1) | 35 (19.9) |
| Body-mass-index (kg/m2)—median (IQR) | 30.0 (26.35, 32.7) | 25.8 (23.65, 29.0) |
| Waist circumference (cm)—mean (SD) | 100.2 (13.9) | 89.5 (12.1) |
| Body Fat (%)—mean (SD) | 35.0 (9.6) | 31.1 (10.1) |
| Visceral Fat (%)—mean (SD) | 13.2 (4.8) | 10.5 (4.1) |
| Metabolic syndrome—n (%) | 135 (78.0) | 45 (24.6) |
| Hepatic steatosis—n (%) | ||
| Grade 1 | 56 (32.4) | 115 (62.8) |
| Grade 2 | 74 (42.8) | 60 (32.8) |
| Grade 3 | 43 (24.9) | 8 (4.4) |
| Controlled attenuation parameter (dB/m)—median (IQR) | 263 (223, 315) | 234 (186, 266) |
| Liver stiffness (kPa)—median (IQR) | 4.8 (3.7, 5.9) | 3.9 (3.3, 5.1) |
| Visceral adiposity index—median (IQR) | 1.46 (1.09, 2.16) | 1.07 (0.77, 1.64) |
| NAFLD liver fat score—median (IQR) | 0.20 (− 0.70, 1.13) | − 1.90 (–2.25, − 1.24) |
| Hepatic steatosis score—median (IQR) | 41.2 (36.0, 46.0) | 34.0 (31.6, 38.1) |
| Fatty liver index—mean (SD) | 41.1 (29.6) | 55.2 (28.6) |
| NAFLD fibrosis score—mean (SD) | − 0.55 (1.30) | − 1.30 (1.17) |
| Fibrosis (Fib)-4—median (IQR) | 1.22 (0.93, 1.71) | 1.43 (1.07, 1.80) |
| NAFLD classification—n (%) | 116 (63.7) | 66 (36.3) |
aAt CHRIS study baseline