Table 1.
Phytochemicals present in the plants of polyherbal formulation and their pharmacological properties
| Plant | Phytochemicals | Pharmacological properties |
|---|---|---|
| Eugenia jambolona | Jambosine, gallic acid, ellagic acid, corilagin, 3,6-hexahydroxydiphenoylglucose, quercetin, β-sitosterol | AntidiabeticHypolipidemic |
| Tinospora cordifolia | Berberine, choline, palmatine, magnoflorine, tinosporine, tetrahydropalmatine, isocolumbine, aporphine alkaloids, tinosporides | AntidiabeticAnti-inflammatory |
| Gymnema sylvestre | Gymnemic acids, gymnemasaponins, flavones, hentriacontane, pentatriacontane | AntidiabeticHypolipidemic anti-inflammatory |
| Cressa cretica | Quercetin, kampferol-3-O-glucoside, rutin, syringaresinol-β-d-glucoside | Antidiabetic activity |
| Casearia esculenta | Clerodane diterpenoids, esculentin A, 3-hydroxymethyl xylitol | HypoglycemicAnti-inflammatory |
| Curcuma longa | Curcumin, desmethoxy curcumin, α and β turmerome, eugenon, campestrol, stigmasterol | AntidiabeticAntihyperlipidemic antioxidant |
| Swertia chirata | Swertiamarin, mangiferin, swerchirin, sweroside, amaroswerin, amarogentin, chiratin | AntidiabeticAntioxidant |
| Centratherum anthelminticum | Hexatetracontan-16-ol, 6,9-eicosadiene, butyl 11-hydroxy octadecanoate, hexyl 3-hydroxynonanoate | AntidiabeticAntioxidantAnti-inflammatory |
| Picrorhiza kurroa | Picroside-I and II, pikuroside, veronicoside, phenol glycosides, a number of cucurbitacin glycosides | AntidiabeticAntihyperlipidemic |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum | Diosgenin, amino acid 4-hydroxyisoleucine, yamogenin, tigogenin | AntidiabeticAntioxidant |
| Terminalia chebula | Gallic acid, chebulagic acid, punicalagin, chebulanin, corilagin, neochebulinic acid, ellagic acid | Antidiabetic antioxidant renoprotective, anti-inflammatory |
| Holarrhena antidysenterica | Holarrifine, kurchamide, kurcholessine, trimethylconkurchine, N-methylholarrhimine | Antidiabetic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory |
| Pterocarpus marsupium | Pterostilbene, 7-hydroxyflavanone, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, dihydroxyflavone, marsupsin, pterosupin, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde | Antihyperinsulinemic, anti-hyper triglyceridaemic |
| Glycyrrhiza glabra | 2-beta-glycyrrhizic, glucuronic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid (enoxolone), tannic acid, asparagine, resins | Antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic anti-inflammatory |
| Mineral pitch | Benzoic acid, hippuric acid, fatty acid, gums, resins, ellagic acid, triterpenes | AntidiabeticAntioxidantAnti-inflammatory |
| Tribulus terrestris | Kaempferol, kaempferol3rutinoside, tribuloside, rutin | AntidiabeticHypolipidemicAnti-inflammatory |
| Withania somnifera | Isopellertierine, anferine, withanolides, withaferins, withanolides | AntihyperglycemicHypolipidemic antioxidant antiinflammatory |
| Nardostachys jatamansi | Sesquiterpenes, coumarins, jatamansone or valeranone, alpha-patcho-ulense | Antidiabetic antioxidant |
| Bacopa monnieri | Brahmine, nicotine, herpestine, D-mannitol, hersaponin | Antidiabetic antioxidant |