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. 2019 Jul 3;25(7):1082–1088. doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0505-4

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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a, Schematic of trial design (Supplementary Information); comparison of wild-type and TN strains. b, Cellular invasion assessed using a gentamicin protection assay. MOI = 50, n = 3 independent replicates, two-sided Mann–Whitney U-test. c, Induction of cell cycle arrest in Henle-407 cells infected with the wild-type or TN strain (MOI = 50). Intoxicated cells show a larger proportion of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. n = 3 independent replicates. d, Comparison of the bacterial loads of S. Typhi Quailes typhoid toxin-null mutant (ST-ΔTT, ∆pltB, ∆pltA, ∆cdtB) with S. Typhi Quailes typhoid toxin catalytic mutant (ST-CM, cdtB^H160Q, pltB^S35A, pltA^E133A). n = 28, Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The box plots display the median and IQR, with the upper whiskers extending to the largest value ≤1.5 × IQR from 75th percentile and the lower whiskers extending to smallest values ≤1.5 × IQR from 25th percentile. The Fig. 1a images were sourced from Servier Medical Art and reproduced and adapted under a Creative Commons 3.0 unported license²⁹.

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