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. 2019 Nov 27;7:361. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00361

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Copyright © 2019 Babaei, Rueksomtawin Kildegaard, Niaei, Hosseini, Ebrahimi, Sudarsan, Angelidaki and Borodina.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Succinic acid and mannitol biosynthesis pathway from glucose as the sole carbon source in Yarrowia lipolytica. The engineered route for overexpression of genes in this study is highlighted with green arrows, deleted pathways highlighted in red, and downregulated pathway in orange. Gene nomenclature: Acetyl-CoA hydrolase (ACH1), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from A. succinogenes (AsPCK), pyruvate carboxylase from A. succinogenes (AsPYC), Isocitrate lyase (ICL), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), malate synthase (MLS), pyruvate carboxylase from S. cerevisiae (ScPYC), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from S. cerevisiae (ScPCK), succinyl-CoA synthase beta-subunit (SCS2), dicarboxylic acid transporter from S. pombe (SpMae1), pyruvate carboxylase from Y.lipolytica (YlPYC), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (YlPCK), succinate dehydrogenase subunit 1 under the control of truncated promoter (tPSDH1).