Fig. 1.

Experimental design and self-reported stress and heart-rate results. (a) The procedure consisted of three subsequent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. After the first scan (R1, baseline), an instruction was given that a public speech would have to be performed after the scanning sequence was finished. The instruction was followed by another scan (R2, speech anticipation) after which the instruction followed that no public speech had to be given, again followed by an fMRI run (R3, recovery). After each scan, and before each instruction, a self-reported level of stress was obtained on an 11-point Likert-scale. Heart rate was measured continuously during each scan. (b) Self-reported stress levels per scan and group. (c) Average heart rate per scan and group. All error bars represent within-subjects standard error of the mean (Loftus & Masson, 1994).