Figure 3.

Modulation of hypoxia. There are two approaches to modulation of hypoxia in the TME. One approach is to exhaust the oxygen in the tumor thereby preventing the development of the tumor. Magnesium silicide (Mg₂Si) NPs are used to exhaust the oxygen in tumor and block tumor capillaries (left); tumor growth is restricted due to lack of nutrients. The second approach involves increasing the oxygen level within the hypoxic sites of the tumor, thereby enhancing the radiation therapy (RT) efficiency. Oxygen dissolved in perfluorocarbon (PFC) was delivered to the hypoxic site to increase the oxygen level in tumor and enhance the RT efficiency (right).