Table 3.
No Pre-existing Depression | Pre-existing Depression | |
---|---|---|
Age | (ref) | |
<60 years | 1 | 1.31 (0.64–2.66) |
≥60 years | 1 | 1.61 (1.16–2.23)** |
Sex | (ref) | |
Men | 1 | 1.78 (1.25–2.55)** |
Women | 1 | 1.11 (0.94–1.31) |
Insurance Typea | (ref) | |
Employee Insured | 1 | 1.62 (1.12–2.33)* |
Self-employed | 1 | 1.51 (0.95–2.41) |
Insurance Premium (Quartile) | (ref) | |
1st/2nd | 1 | 1.41 (0.84–2.38) |
3rd/4th | 1 | 1.61 (1.12–2.31)** |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2 | (ref) | |
<25 | 1 | 0.94 (0.44–2.00) |
≥25 | 1 | 1.73 (1.26–2.40)*** |
Fasting Serum Glucose (mg/dL) | (ref) | |
<126 | 1 | 1.12 (0.40–3.11) |
≥126 | 1 | 1.62 (1.19–2.21)** |
Cholesterol level (mg/dL) | (ref) | |
<240 | 1 | 0.38 (0.05–2.84) |
≥240 | 1 | 1.66 (1.23–2.24)*** |
Alcohol Consumption (times/week) | (ref) | |
1–2 | 1 | 1.43 (1.04–1.99)* |
≥3 | 1 | 2.15 (1.10–4.24)* |
Physical Activity (times/week) | (ref) | |
1–2 | 1 | 1.44 (1.02–2.02)* |
≥3 | 1 | 2.01 (1.09–3.72)* |
Smoking status | (ref) | |
Non-smoker | 1 | 1.64 (1.19–2.29)** |
Past-smoker | 1 | 1.67 (0.58–4.79) |
Current smoker | 1 | 1.11 (0.46–2.71) |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | (ref) | |
<2 | 1 | 1.27 (0.77–2.08) |
≥2 | 1 | 1.86 (1.29–2.70)** |
Data above are presented as HR (95%) adjusted for age, sex, place of residence, insurance type, insurance premium, and presence of disability, BMI, fasting serum glucose, total cholesterol, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and CCI (except for the variable belonging to the stratified category).
aMedical aid category is omitted from the subgroup analysis due to a significantly low number of subjects.
NOTE: Statistical significance is noted as *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.