Table 2.

Lifestyle habits at baseline and after 1 year of intervention.

	NONOBESE Fibre (Baseline)	NONOBESE Placebo (Baseline)	OBESE Fibre (Baseline)	OBESE Placebo (Baseline)	NONOBESE Fibre (12 Months)	NONOBESE Placebo (12 Months)	OBESE Fibre (12 Months)	OBESE Placebo (12 Months)
Food intake
Total energy intake (kcal/day)	2101 ± 519	1938 ± 515	2015 ± 443	2042 ± 611	1767 ± 450 *	1830 ± 489 *	1718 ± 349	1953 ± 569 *
Fat intake (g/day)	82 ± 24	73 ± 22	78 ± 25	81 ± 31	66 ± 21 *	65 ± 23 *	66 ± 22 *	75 ± 31
Saturated fat (g/day)	35 ± 13	31 ± 11	34 ± 11	36 ± 13	27 ± 11 *	27 ± 10 *	28 ± 10 **	33 ± 13
Fat intake (kcal%)	37 ± 6	36 ± 5	36 ± 7	37 ± 6	34 ± 6	32 ± 5	35 ± 7	35 ± 6
Protein intake (g/day)	80 ± 19	77 ± 18	83 ± 26	86 ± 24	73 ± 22	74 ± 21	70 ± 19 **	84 ± 22
Carbohydrate intake (g/day)	234 ± 66	218 ± 59	222 ± 53	224 ± 76	205 ± 52	214 ± 51	201 ± 40	220 ± 59
Total dietary fibre intake (g/day)	24 ± 6	24 ± 6	22 ± 7	23 ± 8	24 ± 6	26 ± 10	22 ± 7	24 ± 8
Insoluble	16 ± 4	16 ± 4	15 ± 5	15 ± 5	14 ± 5	16 ± 5	15 ± 6	15 ± 5
Soluble	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	7 ± 2
Alcohol (g/day)	10 ± 12	11 ± 14	11 ± 18	7 ± 13	6 ± 8 *	10 ± 16	5 ± 8 *	5 ± 8 *
Physical activity
Steps per day (n)	7381 ± 3200	5921 ± 1873	6255 ± 2797	6442 ± 2873	6964 ± 2651	6434 ± 3816	7769 ± 3608	6988 ± 3184
Energy expenditure by steps (kcal/day)	492 ± 271	398 ± 159	432 ± 205	449 ± 256	426 ± 150	421 ± 241	515 ± 234	471 ± 218

Changes in lifestyle habits during intervention; data are mean ± SD. Nutrient intakes were calculated from 4-day food records. Physical activity was derived from 1-week assessments with pedometers. * Significant change from baseline to 12-month follow-up within the respective subgroup, Wilcoxon tests, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001.