Effect of PA treatment on lipid accumulation in diet-induced NAFLD mice by real-time PCR. Graphs represent mRNA expression of transcription factors (A) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-𝛾), (B) C/EBP-𝛼, (C) diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), (D) acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), (E) fatty acid synthase (FAS), (F) 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), (G) western-blot analysis, and AMPK (H), (I) sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), FAS (J), (K) acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), (L) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), (M) CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and (N) fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) protein expression levels. The relative protein expression data were normalized to that of actin. Data are representative of mean ± SEM of three independent measurements, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared with the Con group. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with the NAFLD group.