Table 3.

Study outcomes.

Author, year	Setting	Mention of transition in manuscript	Significant outcomesa
Farooqui et al, 2015 [31]	Outpatient Clinic Ohio State University and Wexner Medical Center, United States	No	Increased treatment adherence (85%) and avoidance of asthma triggers (69%). All participants reported better knowledge of asthma after using the app.
Cushing et al, 2016 [32]	Mount Sinai Hospital Pediatric Outpatient Clinics (New York, United States)	No	Increased treatment adherence and asthma control confidence improved through the use of mobile app message reminders that led to changes in the medication use routine.
Goyal et al, 2017 [25]	The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto and University of Toronto, Canada	No	No significant differences: glycated hemoglobin, impact on self-management.
Leonard et al, 2017 [33]	Department of Pediatrics Duke University, North Carolina, United States	No	Increased treatment adherence (80%) and knowledge retention (96%). Clinically relevant decrease in serum ferritin at 6 months (P=.07).
Castensøe -Seidenfaden et al, 2018 [34]	Nordsjælland, Hervel, Roskilde, and Køge Hospitals and Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen Denmark	Abstract, keywords, and Conclusions	No significant differences: glycated hemoglobin, impact on self-management.
Le Marne et al, 2018 [16]	The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network at Sydney, Australia	Introduction and Discussion	Increased treatment adherence (P=.045). Increased knowledge (P≤.005). No significant improvement in seizure burden or psychosocial measures.

^aResults were statistically significant if P≤.05.