Concentration of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in breast milk samples of Kenyan mothers. (A) Mean relative concentration of HMOs in breast milk samples of Kenyan mothers (n = 75), by secretor status. (B) Absolute concentration of total HMOs (g/L) and relative concentration (%) of single HMOs, Sial HMOs (total sialylated HMOs), Fuc HMOs (total fucosylated HMOs), Non-Fuc-Sial HMOs (total non-fucosylated and non-sialylated HMOs) in breast milk samples of Kenyan mothers (n = 16) over 3 months of lactation. 2′FL, 2-fucosyllactose; 3′FL, 3-fucosyllactose; LNFPI, lacto-N-fucopentaose I; LNFPII, lacto-N-fucopentaose II; LNFPIII, lacto-N-fucopentaose III; LNnT, lacto-N-neotetraose; LNT, lacto-N-teraose; LNnH, lacto-N-neohexaose; 6′SL, 6-sialyllactose; 3′SL, 3-sialyllactose; LSTd, sialyllacto-N-tetraose d; LSTa, sialyllacto-N-tetraose a; and DSLNT, disialyl-lacto-N-teraose. Differences between groups and time points were tested using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, respectively; * p < 0.05, ° p < 0.10.